Chapter 4 Flashcards
Skeletal System
cartilage
full word 🟫
nonvascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints
chiropractic
full word 🟫
diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system
chiropractor
full word 🟫
practitionar of chiropractic
detoxification
full word 🟫
removing poison from a tissue or substance
ligament
full word 🟫
band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures
muscle
full word 🟫
a tissue consisting of cells that can contract
musculoskeletal
full word 🟫
pertaining to the muscles and the bony skeleton
orthopedic
full word 🟫
pertaining to the correction and cure of deformities and diseases of the musculoskeletal system
orthopedist
full word 🟫
specialist in orthopedics
osteocalcin
full word 🟫
a hormone produced by bone cells
osteopath
full word 🟫
practitioner of osteopathy
osteopathy
full word 🟫
medical practice based on maintaining the balance of the body
tendon
full word 🟫
fibrous band that connects muscle to bone
de-
prefix 🟩
from, out of
-ic
suffix 🟦
pertaining to
-or
suffix 🟦
a doer
-fication
suffix 🟦
remove
-al
suffix 🟦
pertaining to
-ist
suffix 🟦
specialist
-in
suffix 🟦
chemical compound
-path
suffix 🟦
disease
-pathy
suffix 🟦
disease
chir/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
hand
pract-
root 🟥
efficient, practical
toxi-
root 🟥
poison
muscul/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
muscle
skelet-
root 🟥
skeleton
orth/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
straight
ped-
root 🟥
child
oste/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
bone
calc-
root 🟥
calcium
cortex
full word 🟫
outer portion of an organ, such as a bone
cortical
full word 🟫
pertaining to a cortex
diaphysis
full word 🟫
the shaft of a long bone
epiphysis
full word 🟫
expanded area at the proximal and distal ends of a long bone to provide increased sureface area for attachment of ligaments and tendons
epiphysial
full word 🟫
pertaining to an epiphysis
Haversian canals
full word 🟫
vascular canals in bone
marrow
full word 🟫
fatty, blood forming tissue in the cavities of long bones
medulla
full word 🟫
central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex
medullary
full word 🟫
pertaining to a medulla
periosteum
full word 🟫
strong membrane surrounding a bone
periosteal
full word 🟫
pertaining to the periosteum
epi-
prefix 🟩
upon, above
peri-
prefix 🟩
around
-ial
suffix 🟦
pertaining to
-ary
suffix 🟦
pertaining to
cortic-
root 🟥
cortex
-physis
root 🟥
growth
medulla-
root 🟥
medulla
oste-
root 🟥
bone
achondroplasia
full word 🟫
condition with abnormal, early conversion of cartilage into bone, leading to drawfism
osteogenesis imperfecta
full word 🟫
inherited condition in which bone formation is incomplete, leading to fragile, easily broken bones
osteomyelitis
full word 🟫
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
osteopenia
full word 🟫
decreased calcification of bone
osteoporosis
full word 🟫
condition in which the bones become more porous, brittle, and fragile and more likely to fracture
rickets
full word 🟫
disease due to vitamin d deficiency, producing soft, flexible bones
sarcoma
full word 🟫
malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
chondrosarcoma
full word 🟫
malignant tumor originating in cartilage cells
osteogenic sarcoma
full word 🟫
malignant tumor originating in bone-producing cells
a-
prefix 🟩
without
-plasia
suffix 🟦
formation
-genesis
suffix 🟦
creation, formation
-malacia
suffix 🟦
abnormal softness
-itis
suffix 🟦
inflammation
-penia
suffix 🟦
deficient
-sis
suffix 🟦
condition
-oma
suffix 🟦
tumor, mass
chrondr/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
cartilage
-myel-
root 🟥
bone marrow
por/o-
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
opening
sarc-
root 🟥
flesh
gen-
root 🟥
creation
callus
full word 🟫
bony tissue that forms at a fracture site early in healing
cancellous
full word 🟫
bone that has a spongy or lattice-like structure
comminuted
full word 🟫
a fracture in which the bone is broken into pieces
hematoma
full word 🟫
collection of blood that has escaped from blood vessels ito tissue
osteoblast
full word 🟫
a bone-forming cell
osteocyte
full word 🟫
a bone-maintaining cell
pathologic fracture
full word 🟫
fracture occuring at a site already weakened by a disease process
-ed
suffix 🟦
pertaining to
-blast
suffix 🟦
immature cell
-ure
suffix 🟦
result of
comminut-
root 🟥
break into pieces
hemat-
root 🟥
blood
-cyte
root 🟥
cell
-log
root 🟥
to study
path/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
disease
fract-
root 🟥
to break
cervical
full word 🟫
pertaining to the neck region
coccyx
full word 🟫
small tailbone at the lowest end of the vertabral column
foramen (foramina, pl)
full word 🟫
an opening through a structure
kyphosis
full word 🟫
a normal posterior curve of the spine that can be exaggerated in disease
kyphotic
full word 🟫
pertaining to or suffering from kyphosis
lumbar
full word 🟫
the region of the back and sides between the ribs and pelvis
sacrum
full word 🟫
segment of the vertebral column that forms part of the pelvis
sacral
full word 🟫
pertaining to or in the region of the sacrum
scoliosis
full word 🟫
an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column
scoliotic
full word 🟫
pertaining to or suffering from scoliosis
spine
full word 🟫
vertebral column or a short projection from a bone
spinal
full word 🟫
pertaining to a vertabra
vertebra (vertabrae, pl)
full word 🟫
one of the bones of the spinal column
vertebral
full word 🟫
pertaining to the vertebra
whiplash
full word 🟫
symptoms caused by sudden, uncontrolled extension, and flexion of the neck
cervic-
root 🟥
neck
kyph/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
bent, humpback
scoli/o
root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)
crooked
sacr-
root 🟥
sacrum
spin-
root 🟥
spine
vertebr-
root 🟥
vertebra
whip-
root 🟥
to swing
-lash
root 🟥
end of whip
-osis
suffix 🟦
condition
cranium
full word 🟫
the upper part of the skull that encloses and protects the brain
cranial
full word 🟫
pertaining to the skull
ethmoid
full word 🟫
bone that forms the back of the nose and encloses numerous air cells
lacrimal
full word 🟫
lacrimal bone forms part of the medial wall of the orbit
lacrimal
full word 🟫
pertaining to tears
mandible
full word 🟫
lower jaw bone
mandibular
full word 🟫
pertaining to the mandible
maxilla
full word 🟫
upper jawbone, containing right and left maxillary sinuses
maxillary
full word 🟫
pertaining to the maxilla
occipital
full word 🟫
the back of the skull
palatine
full word 🟫
bone that forms the hard palate and parts of the nose and orbits
parietal
full word 🟫
the two bones forming the sidewalls and roof of the cranium
sphenoid
full word 🟫
wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull
temporal
full word 🟫
bone that forms part of the base and sides of the skull
temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
full word 🟫
the joint between the temporal bone and the mandible
zygoma
full word 🟫
bone that forms the prominance of the cheek
zygomatic
full word 🟫
pertaining to the cheekbone
crani-
root 🟥
skull
ethm-
root 🟥
sieve
lacrim-
root 🟥
tears
mandibul-
root 🟥
mandible
maxilla-
root 🟥
maxilla
occipit-
root 🟥
back of the head