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Bio 100 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Two types of electrons microscopes

A

Transmission (passing through)
Scanning (bounces off)

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2
Q

Two cell types

A

Prokaryotic (prototype cells)
Eukaryotic (true cells)

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3
Q

Cell wall function

A

(Found in plant cells and prokaryotic cells only)

Structure and support

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4
Q

(Prokaryotic cell)
Where DNA is found

A

Nucleoid region
(Prokaryotic cell)
Where DNA is found

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5
Q

Three shapes of bacteria

A

Rod
Spiral
Sphere

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6
Q

Prokaryotic flagellum function

A

Movement and food collection

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7
Q

Helps cell attach to substrates and aids in exchange of genetic information between cells

A

Function of prokaryotic pili

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8
Q

Structural support , supports organelles and plays a role in cell movement

A

Cytoskeleton function

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9
Q

Function of Flagella and Cillia

A

Motility Move fluids over surfaces cell movement

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10
Q

Regulates what passes into and out of cell
(Lipid bilayer)

A

Plasma membrane function

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11
Q

Matrix that contains the nucleus and other organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

Organelles in which energy is extracted from food during oxidative metabolism

A

Mitochondrion

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13
Q

Control center
Directs protein synthesis and cell reproduction

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

Double membrane between the nucleus and cytoplasm

A

Nuclear envelope

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15
Q

Opening embedded with proteins that regulates passage into and out of the nucleus

A

Nuclear pore

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16
Q

Site where ribosome are produced

A

Nucleolus

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17
Q

internal membranes that aids in the manufacture of carbohydrates and lipids

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

18
Q

Internal membranes studded with ribosome that carry out protein synthesis

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

19
Q

Vessicle that breaks down macromolecules and digest worn out cell components

A

Lysosome

20
Q

Vesicle that contains enzymes that carryout particular reactions such as detoxifying potentially harmful molecules

A

Peroxisome

21
Q

Small complexes of RNA and protein that are the sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosome

22
Q

Collects packages and distributes molecules manufactured in the cell

A

Golgi complex

23
Q

Organelles containing thylakoids the site of photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

24
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

Openings in cell wall that function in cell to cell communication

25
Q

Storage compartment for water sugars ions and pigments

A

Central vacuole

26
Q

Tonoplast

A

membrane surrounding the Central Vacuole

27
Q

Long thread of DNA containing hereditary information (genes)

A

Chromosome

28
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Repels water or won’t mix with water

29
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Tendency to mix with water

30
Q

Phospholipid

A

fat like structure with two fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone
Phosphate head fatty acid tails

31
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

Ancestral prokaryote cells engulfed other cells but did not digest them

32
Q

Complex assembly of microtubules and play a role in cell division

A

Centriole

33
Q

Tube of protein molecules present in cytoplasm, centrioles, cilia and flagella

A

Microtubule Tube of protein molecules present in cytoplasm, centrioles, cilia and flagella

34
Q

Protein fibers that provide support and strength

A

Intermediate filament

35
Q

Protein fibers that are responsible for cell movement

A

Actin filament

36
Q

Cell walls in fungi are made of

A

Chitin

37
Q

Middle lamella

A

Cement that holds cells together

38
Q

Move across membrane with no help

A

Simple diffusion

39
Q

Molecules of right size pass thru channel

A

Selective diffusion

40
Q

Water moves across the membrane down the gradient

A

Osmosis

41
Q

Molecules dissolved in a solution

A

Solute

42
Q

Requires carrier proteins
Uses energy
Move particles up the gradient

A

Active transport

Bio 100 (15 decks)

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