Chapter 39: Common Skin Conditions Flashcards by briana slight

Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Brown

Entacapone
Levodopa
Methyldopa

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Brown/Yellow

Nitrofurantoin

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Orange/Yellow

Sulfasalazine

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Red-Orange

Phenazopyridine

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Red

Anthracyclines

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Blue

Methylene Blue

Mitoxantrone

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Drugs That Can Discolor Skin and Secretions: Blue-Gray

Amiodarone

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Determinants of Ance

Androgens
Cutibacterium acnes
Fatty acids (sebum) present in oil (sebaceous) glands

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OTC Acne Tx

Benzoyl Peroxide

Salacylic Acid

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Rx Drug of Choice

Retinoids

must be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding

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Oral Retinoid

Isotretinoin approved for severe recalcitrant nodular acne only
Cholesterol and pregnancy tests required

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Azelaic Acid

Azelex, finacea

OTC and RX for acne and rosacea

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Clascoterone

Winlevi
Mild acne in patient >=12 years
topical androgen receptor inhibitor

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First Line for Mild Acne

Topical BPO and/or retinoid

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First Line for Moderate Acne

Topical combo
or
PO abx + BPO + topical retinoid +/-topical abx

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First Line for Severe Acne

Topical combo + po abx
or
PO isotretinoin

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PO Isotretinoin Requirements

Female pts must sign informed consent about birth defects
Must have 2 negative pregnancy test before starting
Cannot get pregnant for 1 month before, while taking, or 1 month after stopped
Females must use 2 forms for BC (cannot use progestin only)

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Minocycline info

Minocin, Solodyn
Can cause photosensitivity
Fetal harm if administered during pregnancy
Discoloration of teeth if used when teeth are forming

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Cold Sores OTC

Abreva (docosanol)

Apply 5x daily at first sign of outbreak until healed

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Cold Sore Rx

Acyclovir topical cream or oint

Apply 5x qd for 4 days

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Dandruff Tx OTC

Ketoconazole 1% (nizoral ad) 
Selenium sulfide (selsun)
Pyrithione zinc (head and shoulders)
Coal tar (t-gel)

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Dandruff Rx

Ketoconazole 2% shampoo (nizoral)

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Alopecia Rx

Finasteride (propecia)
1mg qd
can take >3 months to see effects

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Alopecia Topical

Minoxidil

5% foam, 2% and 5% solution

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Hypotrichosis Tx

Thinning eyelashes Bimatoprost (Latisse) Do not use with PG analogs for glaucoma (IOP may increase)

Eczema OTC

Aquaphor | Eucerin

Eczema Rx 1st Line

Topical Steroids

Eczema Rx of Steroids Fail

- Topical CNI: tacrolimus (protopic), pimecrolimus (elidel) - Topical PDE-4 inhibitors: crisaborole (eucrisa) - MAB IL-4 antagonist: Dupilumab

Tinea Pedis

Athlete's foot

Tinea Cruris

Jock itch

Tinea Corporis

Ringworm

OTC Antifungals: Terbinafine

Lamisil AT

OTC Antifungals: Butenafine

Lotrimin Ultra

OTC Antifungals: Clotrimazole

Lotrimin AF

OTC Antifungals: Miconazole

Lotrimin AF

OTC Antifungals: Tolnaftate

Tinactin

OTC Antifungals: Undecylenic acid

Toelieva

Rx Antifungals: Betamethasone/Clotrimazole

Lotrisone

Rx Antifungals: Ketoconazole

Extina

Onychomycosis Systemic Tx

Itraconazole and terbinafine (pulse therapy sometimes used to reduce cost and toxicity) (20% KOH smear is essential for diagnosis

OTC Topicals for Vaginal Fungal Infections

Clotrimazole | Miconazole (monistat 3)

Rx Topicals for Vaginal Fungal Infections

Butoconazole (gynazole-1) | Terconazole

Rx Oral for Vaginal Fungal Infections

Fluconazole 150mg po once

Hemorrhoids Non-Pharm

Fiber | Witch Hazel

Hemorrhoids OTC and Rx

Phenylephrine (preparation h) | Hydrocortisone (anusol hc)

Pinworm OTC

Pyrantel pamoate

Pinworm Rx

Albendazole (take with a high fat meal to increase absorption) Mebendazole

Lice OTC Preferred Drugs

Topical pyrethrins (Rid) and permethrin (Nix)

Lice Tx: Ovide

Malathion lotions 0.5% | Can irritate skin and is flammable

Lice Tx: Lindane

No longer recommended due to neurotoxicity and is reserved for refractory cases. Never used in pregnancy

Neosporin

polymixin/bacitracin, neomycin

Bactroban

Mupirocin | Very good staph and strep coverage (including MRSA)

Cortisporin

Bacitracin/neomycin/polymixin b/ hydrocortisone (RX)

Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac Tx

Aluminum acetate astringent (drying agent) Wash off with soap and water Topical or oral steroids will help (PO needed in severe rash) Cold compress can help

Very High Potency Steroids

Clobetasol 0.05% | Fluocinonide 1% cream

High Potency Steroids

Betamethasone Dip 0.05% crm Fluocinonide 0.05% oint Mometasone furoate 0.1% oint

High-Medium Potency Steroids

Fluocinonide 0.05% crm

Medium Potency Steroids

Mometasone furoate 0.1% crm | Triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% crm

Lowest Potency Steroids

Hydrocortisone 0.5, 1%

Time To Burn Formula

TTB (with sunscreen) = SPF x TTB (without sunscreen)

Sunscreen Labeling

No longer allowed to say "waterproof" or "sweatproof" since they all wash off at least partially in the water "water-resistant" but only for 40-80 minutes