Chapter 35

Question 1

Plant Organs:

Answer 1

• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves
• Plant Tissues
• Plant Cells

Question 2

Roots functions: (3)

Answer 2

1. Anchor (taproot and fibrous root)
2. Absorb (lateral root and root hairs)
3. Store (taproot)

Question 3

Nodes vs Internodes:

Answer 3

Nodes are the points where leaves attach and internodes are the stem segments between the nodes

Question 4

Structure of Leaf: (2)

Answer 4

Blade and Petiole

Question 5

Dermal Tissue consists of: (2, 3 specialized cells)

Answer 5

• Cuticle (waxy coating that prevents water loss)

1. Trichomes (reduce water loss, reflects light, defense)
2. Guard cells (gas exchange)
3. Periderm (replaces epidermis on old growth of woody plants)

Question 6

Vascular Tissue: (2)

Answer 6

• Xylem: conducts water and dissolves minerals upward from the roots into the shoots
• Phloem: transport sugars from where they are made to storage of growth sites

Question 7

Ground tissue:

Answer 7

Neither dermal nor vascular
- Pith: ground tissue internal to the vascular tissue
- Cortex: ground tissue external to the vascular tissue

Question 8

Parenchyma: (4)

Answer 8

Plant Cells
- Thin and flexible primary walls
- Large central vacuole
- Metabolic functions
- Ability to divide and differentiate

Question 9

Collenchyma: (3)

Answer 9

Plant Cells
- Grouped in strands and help support young parts of the plant shoot
- Living at maturity
- They provide flexible support without restraining growth
ex. Celery strings

Question 10

Sclerenchyma: (2)

Answer 10

Plant Cell
- Function in rigid support due to think secondary walls containing lignin
- Dead at functional maturity

Question 11

Cells of Xylem: (3)

Answer 11

Plant Cells
- Dead and lignified at maturity
- Tracheids (moves water between cells)
- Vessels (long pipes)

Question 12

Cells of Phloem: (2)

Answer 12

Plant Cell
- Alive at maturity, but lack organelles
- Porous end walls that allow fluid flow between cells

Question 13

Where does growth take place?

Answer 13

The meristems

Question 14

Annuals:

Answer 14

one season to complete life cycle

Question 15

Biennials:

Answer 15

Two seasons to complete life cycle

Question 16

Perennials:

Answer 16

Multiple seasons to complete life cycle

Question 17

Determinant Growth:

Answer 17

Growth stops at a point

Question 18

Meristems types: (2)

Answer 18

Apical meristems: tips of roots and stems (height and length) primary growth
Lateral meristems: lateral surface; growth in girth of stem, secondary growth

Question 19

KNOW THE MERISTEMS DIAGRAM

Answer 19

AND THE MERISTEMATIC GROWTH DIAGRAM