Chapter 34 (Module 3)

Question 1

Traits of Tetrapods: (5)

Answer 1

• Four limbs and feet with digits
• A neck
• Ears for detecting sound
• Absence of gills (exceptions)
• Fusion of pelvic girdle to the backbone

Question 2

Tikaalik: (3)

Answer 2

• Has traits of fish and tetrapods
• Tetrapod traits: Ribs, neck, and skeleton in the fins
• Fish traits: Scales, fins, and gills

Question 3

3 Clades of Amphibians:

Answer 3

1. Salamander (tailed) –> Urodela
2. Frogs (tail-less) –> Anura
3. Caecilians (legless) –> Apoda

Question 4

Traits of Amphibians: (2)

Answer 4

1. Thin skin that requires moisture (even terrestrial)
2. Poison and mucous glands on skin

Question 5

Traits of Amniotes (Tetrapods with adapted eggs):

Answer 5

1. Named for their amniotic egg that contains four membranes
2. Reduced dependence on water for reproduction

Question 6

4 membranes of Amniotes:

Answer 6

1. Amnion
2. Chorion
3. Yolk sac
4. Allantois

Question 7

Traits of Reptiles:

Answer 7

• Ectothermic
• shelled eggs on lands
• scaly skin
• internal fertilization
  (Subgroup: birds, endothermic)

Question 8

4 types of Reptiles:

Answer 8

• Snakes, Lizards, Turtles, and Crocodilians

Question 9

Traits of Aves: (4)

Answer 9

• Hollow light weight bones
• Feathers
• Efficient lungs
• No teeth

Question 10

Traits of Mammals: (2)

Answer 10

• Hair
• Milk glands

Question 11

3 types of Mammals:

Answer 11

• Monotremes: egg laying
• Marsupials: pouched
• Eutheria: live birth