Chapter 35 Flashcards

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1
Q

taproot

A

large, dominate root where other roots sprout laterally

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2
Q

axillary bud

A

embryonic or organogenic shoot, each bud has a potential to form shoots

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3
Q

node

A

the structure that is responsible for attaching the petiole to the stem

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4
Q

xylem

A

vascular tissue that brings water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant

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5
Q

phloem

A

vascular tissue that brings sugars and other metabolic products down from the leaves

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6
Q

cambium

A

layer of actively dividing cells between xylem and phloem tissues that is responsible for secondary growth of stems and roots

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7
Q

three types of tissue systems

A
  1. epidermis, cuticle, or periderm
  2. tissue (xylem and phloem)
  3. pith or cortex
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8
Q

tracheids

A

water-conducting cell in the xylem that lacks perforations in the cell wall

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9
Q

sieve-tube

A

a series of tube elements that are placed end to end to form a continuous tube and is an important part of the phloem which functions to transport carbohydrates (mainly sucrose) in the plant

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10
Q

sclerenchyma and scleried cells

A

strong, thick cells that provide structural support

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11
Q

eudicots

A

clade of flowering plants that have two seed leaves upon germination

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12
Q

gymnosperms

A

plants that have seeds that are unprotected by an ovary or a fruit

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13
Q

eudicots and gymnosperms mostly have a ____ system

A

taproot

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14
Q

most nonocots have a _____ _____ system

A

fibrous root

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15
Q

apical bud

A

where the shoot growth occurs

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16
Q

leaves are made of flattened ____ and a stalk called the ___ which joins the leaf to a _____ of the stem

A

blade…petiole… node

17
Q

monocots and eudicots differ in the arrangement of ____ (the vascular tissue of leaves)

A

veins

18
Q

storage leaves

A

thick underground leaves that store starch

19
Q

bracts

A

modified leaf that is small and usually with a flower in its axil

20
Q

pitcher plant leaves modification

A

modifies into a pitcher to catch insects

21
Q

venus flytrap leaf modification

A

modifies into jaws to catch insects

22
Q

poinsettia leaf modification

A

bright red leaves resemble flower petals

23
Q

cactus leaf modification

A

leaves have become spines for protection