Chapter 35 Flashcards
taproot
large, dominate root where other roots sprout laterally
axillary bud
embryonic or organogenic shoot, each bud has a potential to form shoots
node
the structure that is responsible for attaching the petiole to the stem
xylem
vascular tissue that brings water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant
phloem
vascular tissue that brings sugars and other metabolic products down from the leaves
cambium
layer of actively dividing cells between xylem and phloem tissues that is responsible for secondary growth of stems and roots
three types of tissue systems
- epidermis, cuticle, or periderm
- tissue (xylem and phloem)
- pith or cortex
tracheids
water-conducting cell in the xylem that lacks perforations in the cell wall
sieve-tube
a series of tube elements that are placed end to end to form a continuous tube and is an important part of the phloem which functions to transport carbohydrates (mainly sucrose) in the plant
sclerenchyma and scleried cells
strong, thick cells that provide structural support
eudicots
clade of flowering plants that have two seed leaves upon germination
gymnosperms
plants that have seeds that are unprotected by an ovary or a fruit
eudicots and gymnosperms mostly have a ____ system
taproot
most nonocots have a _____ _____ system
fibrous root
apical bud
where the shoot growth occurs