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Biology 102 > Chapter 34 > Flashcards

Chapter 34 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a hollow nerve chord that has pharyngeal slits

A

notochord

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2
Q

a phylum that has two basal groups of invertebrates and vertebrates and belong to the clade Deuterostomia

A

chordata

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3
Q

bilaterally symmetrical coelomates with segmented bodies

A

body plan of chordates

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4
Q

All ____ share the following set of derived characters:

  • notochord
  • dorsal hollow nerve cord
  • pharyngeal slits
  • muscular tail
A

chordates

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5
Q

a flexible rod between the digestive tube and nerve cord

A

notochord

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6
Q

the ____ develops into the central nervous system for chordates

A

nerve cord

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7
Q

grooves on the outer surface of the pharynx are called____ that later develop into ___

A

pharyngeal clefts… pharyngeal slits

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8
Q

the purpose of pharyngeal slits

A

suspension-feeding structures in invertebrate chordates, gas exchange in vertebrates

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9
Q

____ draw water through an incurrent siphon… they also have fewer ____ than other invertebrates

A

tunicates… hox genes

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10
Q

examples of jawless vertebrates that remain today

A

hagfish and lampreys

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11
Q

a clade of living jawless vertebrates

A

cyclostomes

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12
Q

jawless vertebrate that has a cartilaginouos skull, reduced vertebrate, flexible rod of cartilage

A

hagfish

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13
Q

hagfish produce ___ to repel competitors and predatrs

A

slime

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14
Q

jawed vertebrates

A

gnathostomes

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15
Q
  • four limbs and feet with digits
  • a neck
  • fusion of the pelvic girdle to the backbone
  • the absence of gills
  • ears

these are adaptations of ____

A

tetrapods

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16
Q

the three clades that are under Amphibians

A
  • salamanders
  • frogs
  • caecilians
17
Q

a clade that includes tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodiliians, and birds

A

reptile

18
Q

fertilization occurs _____ in reptiles

A

internally

19
Q

weight saving adaptations that improve flight efficiency

A
  • lack of urinary bladder
  • females with only one ovary
  • small gonads
  • loss of teeth
20
Q
  • mammary glands
  • hair and a fat layer under the skin to keep in heat
  • kidneys
  • endothermy/ high metabolic rate
  • efficient respiratory and circulatory systems
  • large brain to body-size ratio
  • extensive parental care
  • differentiated teeth

these are examples of derived characters of _____

A

mammals

Biology 102 (10 decks)

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