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Biology 102 > Chapter 33 > Flashcards

Chapter 33 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Invertebrates

A
  • lack a back bone

- account for over 95% of known animal species

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2
Q

Sponges are in the phylum ____

A

Porifera

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3
Q

Sponges _____ (name some common characteristics of them)

A
  • are sessile
  • lack tissues
  • live in marine water or fresh water
  • are filter feeders
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4
Q

filter feeders _____

A

capture food particles that are suspended in the water that passes through their body

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5
Q

In sponges water is drawn through pores into the _____

A

spongocoel

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6
Q

In sponges water that is in their body goes out through the _____

A

osculum

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7
Q

Sponges ____ have germ layers

A

DO NOT

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8
Q

The type of cell in sponges that generate a water current through the sponge in order to ingest suspended food

A

Choanocytes

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9
Q

Sponges consist of a gelatinous noncellular ____ layer between two cell layers

A

mesohyl

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10
Q

the type of cells in sponges that are totipotent and help digestion and to manufacture skeletal fibers

A

amoebocytes

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11
Q

Sponges ___ function as hermaphrodites

A

DO

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12
Q

sequential hermaphroditism

A

function first as one sex and then function as the ther

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13
Q

diploblastic - a sac with a central digestive compartment (the gastrovascular cavity)

A

body plan of cnidarians

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14
Q

The phylum that cnidarians belong to

A

eumetazoans

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15
Q

the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians act as a _____ and contractile fibers can work against it to cause movement

A

hydrostatic skeleton

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16
Q

the cells on tentacles that can help to capture prey

A

cnidocytes

17
Q

the cells that are specialized within cnidocytes that eject a stinging thread

A

nematocysts

18
Q

the clade that includes all cnidarians that produce a medusa

A

medusozoans

19
Q

organism that exists only as a polyp and reproduces asexually by budding

A

hydra

20
Q

organism that alternates between polyp and medusa form

A

hydrozoans

21
Q

organism that resembles a jelly but is a colony of hydrozoa polyps

A

man-o-war

22
Q

clade that includes corals and sea anemones and occur only as polyps

A

anthozoa

23
Q

corals form with algae to secrete an ____

A

exoskeleton

24
Q

segmented body, hard exoskeleton, jointed appendages

A

body plan of arthropods

25
Q

animals that have eyes, olafactory receptors and antennae that help with touch and smell, and have an open circulatory system

A

arthropods

26
Q

the three major lineages that diverged early in arthropods’ evolution

A
  • chelicerates
  • myriapods
  • pancrustaceans
27
Q

a clade that are mostly extinct in marine environments and are named for the clawlike feeding appendages

A

Chelicerates

28
Q

in chelicerates the gas exchange occurs in ____

A

the book lungs

29
Q

spiders produce silk which is a liquid protein that comes from ____

A

specialized abdominal glands

30
Q

a clade that includes millipedes and centipedes and are terrestrial

A

myriapods

31
Q

myriapods have ____(body characteristics)

A

three pairs of appendages modified as mouthparts

32
Q

a clade that is most closely related to crustaceans and sometimes insects

A

pancrustacea

33
Q

a taxon that live in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments and often have very specialized appendages

A

crustaceans

34
Q

small crustaceans exchange gas through the ____; large crustaceans exchange gas through the _____

A

cuticle…gills

35
Q

large crustaceans that include lobsters, crabs, crayfish and shrimp

A

decapods

36
Q

a phylum that are found in mostly aquatic habitats and have a one-way digestive system and no circulatory system

A

nematodes

37
Q

organisms that diversified rapidly 359-252 million years ago

A

insects

Biology 102 (10 decks)

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