Chapter 32

Question 1

Asymmetry

Answer 1

No organization or symmetry

Question 2

Radial symmetry

Answer 2

Any division through central axis yields mirror image

Question 3

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 3

Only one division straight through middle yields an L/R image

Question 4

Cephalization

Answer 4

“Head”, sensory organs concentrated at anterior end

Question 5

Ectoderm

Answer 5

Germ layer covering surface of embryo (gives rise to nervous system, integumentary system)

Question 6

Endoderm

Answer 6

Innermost germ layer (gives rise to digestive, respiratory, circulatory systems)

Question 7

Mesoderm

Answer 7

In between ectoderm and endoderm (gives rise to muscular, skeletal system, & internal organs)

Question 8

No tissue =?

Answer 8

No organization

Question 9

Diploblastic

Answer 9

2 layers, ectoderm + endoderm

Question 10

Triploblastic

Answer 10

3 layers, ectoderm + mesoderm + endoderm

Question 11

Body cavity

Answer 11

space between outer body wall & digestive tract

Question 12

Coelom

Answer 12

“Hollow”, body cavity

Question 13

Coelomates

Answer 13

Animals w/ true body cavity

1. Coelom derived from mesoderm only
2. Lines both body wall and digestive tract

Question 14

Pseudocoelomates

Answer 14

“False hollow”

1. Coelom derived from mesoderm +endoderm
2. Lines only body wall and not digestive tract

Question 15

Acoelomate

Answer 15

No body cavity

Question 16

Development

Answer 16

Zygote -> blastula -> gastrula -> embryo -> (larva -> metamorphosis ->) adult

Question 17

Blastula

Answer 17

Hollow ball of cells

Question 18

Gastrula

Answer 18

Tissue layer folds inward to form GI tract

Question 19

Protostome

Answer 19

First opening is mouth

Question 20

Deuterostome

Answer 20

First opening is anus

Question 21

Larva

Answer 21

Sexually immature form (morphologically different from adult)

Question 22

Metamorphosis

Answer 22

Developmental transformation into adult

Question 23

Levels of tissue organization

Answer 23

Cellular -> tissue -> organ -> organ systems

Question 24

Animal phylogeny

Answer 24

Need to identify by what they look like (morphological)

Question 25

Choanoflagellates

Answer 25

Suspension feeder protista

Question 26

Metazoans

Answer 26

Multicellular animals (ex. Porifera)

Question 27

Porifera

Answer 27

Sponges (Ediacaron Period 550 mya)

Question 28

Eumetozoa

Answer 28

Animals w/ true tissues

Question 29

Protostomes

Answer 29

Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Rotifera
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropoda 

Ectoprocta
Brachiopoda
Echinodermata
Chordata