Chapter 32 Flashcards
How do cells specialize?
A process called differentiation, in which cells specialize into blood cells, bone cells etc.
How do animals move?
Interrelationship between nervous And muscle tissue.
Muscles contract in response to sensory information transmitted and relayed by nerves.
What are germ layers?
Tissue layers in the embryo of all animals except sponges.
How many germ layers does the majority of animals have?
3 germ layers.
Which type of symmetry most likely shows for cephalisation?
Bilateral symmetry.
What are some shared characteristics between most invertebrates?
- Segmentation
- Exoskeleton
- Open circulatory system
What is direct development?
Young directly born as a small version of an adult.
What is indirect development?
Larva hat hatched from egg, then goes through metamorphosis to become an adult.
What are some shared characteristics between most vertebrates?
- Segmented features (rib, backbone..)
- Endoskeleton
- closed circulatory system
-integument (skin)
-composed of water filled cells.
-gas exchange.
What is the difference in gas exchange between aquatic vertebrates and terrestrial vertebrates?
Aquatic vertebrates exchange gas in gills meanwhile terrestrial vertebrates exchange gas in lungs.
Where does digestion occur in vertebrates?
Digestion occurs from mouth to anus.
Why does the gut of vertebrates have many folds?
For high Surface area to volume ratio which is more efficient in absorbing nutrients.
Toxic ammonia from cellular waste is converted to a less toxic substance by the _____.
A) Lungs
B) Heart
C) Kidneys
C) Kidneys
What are the steps from zygote to embryo?
REVIEW SHEET SLIDE 21
What are the types of body cavities?
1) Coelomate
2) Acoelomate
3) pseudocoelomate
