Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name all the earth layers

A

Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Geosphere

A

An earth layer that consists of rocks and land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define hydrosphere

A

An earth layer that consists of all the water bodies such as oceans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Atmosphere

A

An earth layer that consists of mixture of gasses above the hydrosphere and geosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Biosphere

A

An earth layer that is the part of earth where life exists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List some of the gases of the atmosphere with percentages

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% other gases (such as water vapor and carbon dioxide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the rule that relates to the gases in the atmosphere

A

The higher the altitude, the denser these molecules become (the proportions stay the same)
However, this rule doesn’t apply to a gas called Ozone (O3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define the ozone layer and it’s importance

A

The ozone layer absorbs most of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation before it reaches the earth’s surface, protecting organisms from DNA mutations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain the greenhouse effect.

A

Energy sun reaches the earths surface as light and may leave the earth surface as heat some of the atmospheric gases radiate this heat back towards earth surface.green house effect is the ability of the atmosphere to trap atmospheric gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does co2 and methane (ch4) enter the atmosphere

A

Co2 enters the atmosphere through cellular respiration, photosynthesis and burning organic matters (fossil fuel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define biodiversity

A

Different forms of life within a given area and their interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the types of biodiversity

A

Species diversity
Genetic diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define species diversity

A

Species richness and Species evenness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is species richness and evenness

A

Species richness: total number of species within the area.

Species evenness: how are the species within a given area distributed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define genetic diversity

A

Amount of variations in the genetic material within all members of the population.
It is important for natural selection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the types of pollution

A

Ozone thinning
Global warming
Acid precipitation
Land and water pollution

17
Q

Define smog

A

When Pollution is so much it becomes visible.
Water vapor mixed with polluted chemicals.

18
Q

How is ozone produced

A

When nitrous oxide reacts with oxygen in air under sunlight.

19
Q

What is ozone thinning

A

The ozone layer can be destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) a human-made chemical.
One single CFC molecule could catalyze the breakdown of 100,000 ozone molecules.

20
Q

What is CFCs

A

Chlorofluorocarbons which is a human made chemical that significantly damages the ozone layer.
It was used in refrigerators back in the late 90s.

21
Q

What is global warming?

A

Long term heating of the earth’s surface.

22
Q

How does global warming happen?

A

Happens due to:
1) generating power
2) Cutting down forests
3) Using transportation
4) producing food
5) consuming too much such as (cows)

23
Q

What are the impacts of global warming?

A

Decrease in biodiversity, changes in the weather pattern.

24
Q

What is acid precipitation?

A

Air pollutants combine with water in the atmosphere and forms acid.

25
Q

What are the effects of acid precipitation?

A

Increased acidity in soil and water.

26
Q

Define biological magnification

A

A process in which chemicals become more concentrated as you go higher up in the food chain.

27
Q

What is ecosystem disruption?

A

Extinction

28
Q

Define Keystone species

A

Some species that affect the survival of other species in a community.

29
Q

What are the causes of extinction?

A

-Habitat destruction
-Hunting
-Harvesting
-Transfer of an invasive species into new habitats.
-Humans

30
Q

Define ecological footprint

A

Analysis of human impact on ecosystems.

31
Q

How does a country reduce its ecological footprint without harming its financial situation?

A

Recycle
Using electric cars, bicycles , and walking more.

***** NOT SOLAR PANELS (THEY ARE EXPENSIVE)

32
Q

What are the two types of biologists that take care of the ecosystem?

A

Conservation biologists
Restoration biologists

33
Q

What do Conservation biologists do?

A

Identify, protect and manage natural areas that still retain biodiversity.

34
Q

What do restoration biologists do?

A

Deals with extreme cases of ecosystem damage.

35
Q

What are bioindicators and it’s importance?

A

Species that are very sensitive to ecological change.
They can give us warnings of environmental issues and identifies the source of pollution.

36
Q

Examples of bioindicators?

A

Fish, lichen , frogs , worms…

37
Q

How do debt-for-nature swaps work

A

The creditor government cancels or reduces the debt of the debtor government in exchange for the debtor government to do environmental projects.

38
Q

Which of the following is the term for the parts of earth where water is located?
Biosphere
Geosphere
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere

A

Hydrosphere

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions