Chapter 30 - Chest Injuries

Question 1

The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart.

Answer 1

pericardium

Question 2

Bruising of the heart muscle.

Answer 2

myocardial contusion

Question 3

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity.

Answer 3

hemothorax

Question 4

is the space between the two pleurae, which are thin layers of tissue that cover the lungs and line the chest cavity. Contains a small amount of pleural fluid that lubricates the lungs as they expand and contract during breathing. It also helps the lungs function properly by transmitting chest wall movements to the lungs, especially during heavy breathing.

Answer 4

pleural cavity

Question 5

Rapid respirations.

Answer 5

tachypnea

Answer 7

Hemothorax

Answer 8

Flail chest

Question 9

A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of an person’s heartbeat

Answer 9

Commotion cordi

Question 10

A grating or grinding sensation caused by fracture bone ends or joints rubbing totherher

Answer 10

Crepitus

Question 11

A set of three clinical signs that can indicate a serious heart problem, most commonly cardiac tamponade:
Hypotension: Low blood pressure or weak pulse
Jugular venous dissension: Bulging or swollen neck veins
Muffled heart sounds: Heartbeats that sound distant or muffled when a stethoscope is used

Answer 11

Beck’s triad

Question 12

Bruising of the heart muscle

Answer 12

Myocardial contusion

Question 13

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

Question 14

The accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest

Answer 14

Hemopneumothorax

Question 15

A one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return; formed by taping three sides of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the fourth side one as a valve; may also be part of a commercial vented occlusive dressing

Answer 15

Flutter valve

Question 16

a pattern of injuries seen after a severe force sis applied to the chest, forcing blood from the great vessels back into the head and neck

Answer 16

Traumatic asphyxia

Question 17

An occlusive dresssing designed to allow air to escape through the dressing bu not be drawn back in

Answer 17

Vented chest seal

Question 18

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in flail chest; the motion-in during inhalation, out during exhalation-is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing

Answer 18

Paradoxical motion

Question 19

An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound; also referred to as a sucking chest wound

Answer 19

Open pneumothorax

Question 20

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

Answer 20

Cardiac tamponade ( pericardial tamponade)

Question 21

The great vessels of the body are located in the ____________

Answer 21

Mediastinum. These large vessels may be lacerated or tear after traumatic injury and cause heavy, unseen bleeding inside the patient’s chest cavity

Question 22

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