Chapter 28 - Face and Neck Injuries Flashcards
know them all
The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye.
conjunctiva
The muscle and surrounding tissue behind the cornea that dilate and constrict the pupil, regulating the amount of light that enters the eye; pigment in this tissue gives the eye its color.
iris
The transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris of the eye.
cornea
The tough, fibrous, white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures.
sclera
A cranial nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.
optic nerve
A tube that connects the middle ear to the oropharynx.
eustachian tube
A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues.
subcutaneous emphysema
a chronic lung disease that damages the alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs. This damage causes the alveoli to break and create larger air pockets, which trap stale air and make it harder for oxygen to reach the bloodstream. This reduces the lungs’ surface area and respiratory function, leading to shortness of breath.
emphysema
Inflammation of the conjunctiva.
conjunctivitis
The small, rounded, fleshy bulge that lies immediately anterior to the ear canal.
tragus
The transparent part of the eye through which images are focused on the retina.
lens
The presence of air in the veins, which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart. (Also called gas embolism)
air embolism
A block in an artery caused by blood clots or other substances, such as fat globules, infected tissue, or cancer cells.
embolism
The joint formed where the mandible and cranium meet, just in front of the ear.
temporomandibular joint
The eardrum; a thin, semitransparent membrane in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations to the internal ear by means of auditory ossicles.
tympanic membrane
A fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit.
blow-out fracture
The prominent bony mass at the base of the skull about 1 inch (2.5 cm) posterior to the external opening of the ear.
mastoid process
The circular opening in the middle of the iris that admits light to the back of the eye.
pupil
Naturally occurring uneven pupil size.
anisocoria
Layers of bone within the nasal cavity.
turbinates
The external, visible part of the ear.
pinna
Separation of the retina from its attachments at the back of the eye.
retinal detachment
The muscles on either side of the neck that allow movement of the head.
sternocleidomastoid muscles
The glands that produce fluids to keep the eye moist; also called tear glands.
lacrimal glands
the eyeball
globe
The light-sensitive area of the eye where images are projected; a layer of cells at the back of the eye that changes the light image into electric impulses, which are carried by the optic nerve to the brain.
retina
is a tube that connects the outer ear to the middle ear. It’s a slightly curved passageway that extends from the floor of the auricle, or protruding part of the outer ear, to the eardrum membrane, or tympanic membrane, at the end of the canal. The EAC is typically 2.5 cm long and S-shaped.
The external auditory canal (EAC), also known as the external auditory meatus (EAM)