Chapter 28 - Face and Neck Injuries

Question 1

The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye.

Answer 1

conjunctiva

Question 2

The muscle and surrounding tissue behind the cornea that dilate and constrict the pupil, regulating the amount of light that enters the eye; pigment in this tissue gives the eye its color.

Answer 2

iris

Question 3

The transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris of the eye.

Answer 3

cornea

Question 4

The tough, fibrous, white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures.

Answer 4

sclera

Question 5

A cranial nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.

Answer 5

optic nerve

Question 6

A tube that connects the middle ear to the oropharynx.

Answer 6

eustachian tube

Question 7

A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues.

Answer 7

subcutaneous emphysema

Question 8

a chronic lung disease that damages the alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs. This damage causes the alveoli to break and create larger air pockets, which trap stale air and make it harder for oxygen to reach the bloodstream. This reduces the lungs’ surface area and respiratory function, leading to shortness of breath.

Answer 8

emphysema

Question 9

Inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Answer 9

conjunctivitis

Question 10

The small, rounded, fleshy bulge that lies immediately anterior to the ear canal.

Answer 10

tragus

Question 11

The transparent part of the eye through which images are focused on the retina.

Answer 11

lens

Question 12

The presence of air in the veins, which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart. (Also called gas embolism)

Answer 12

air embolism

Question 13

A block in an artery caused by blood clots or other substances, such as fat globules, infected tissue, or cancer cells.

Answer 13

embolism

Question 14

The joint formed where the mandible and cranium meet, just in front of the ear.

Answer 14

temporomandibular joint

Question 15

The eardrum; a thin, semitransparent membrane in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations to the internal ear by means of auditory ossicles.

Answer 15

tympanic membrane

Question 16

A fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit.

Answer 16

blow-out fracture

Question 17

The prominent bony mass at the base of the skull about 1 inch (2.5 cm) posterior to the external opening of the ear.

Answer 17

mastoid process

Question 18

The circular opening in the middle of the iris that admits light to the back of the eye.

Answer 18

pupil

Question 19

Naturally occurring uneven pupil size.

Answer 19

anisocoria

Question 20

Layers of bone within the nasal cavity.

Answer 20

turbinates

Question 21

The external, visible part of the ear.

Answer 21

pinna

Question 22

Separation of the retina from its attachments at the back of the eye.

Answer 22

retinal detachment

Question 23

The muscles on either side of the neck that allow movement of the head.

Answer 23

sternocleidomastoid muscles

Question 24

The glands that produce fluids to keep the eye moist; also called tear glands.

Answer 24

lacrimal glands

Question 25

the eyeball

Answer 25

globe

Question 26

The light-sensitive area of the eye where images are projected; a layer of cells at the back of the eye that changes the light image into electric impulses, which are carried by the optic nerve to the brain.

Answer 26

retina

Question 27

is a tube that connects the outer ear to the middle ear. It’s a slightly curved passageway that extends from the floor of the auricle, or protruding part of the outer ear, to the eardrum membrane, or tympanic membrane, at the end of the canal. The EAC is typically 2.5 cm long and S-shaped.

Answer 27

The external auditory canal (EAC), also known as the external auditory meatus (EAM)