Chapter 27 - Soft Tissue Injuries

Question 1

Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface.

Answer 1

abrasion

Question 2

An injury resulting from a sharp, piercing object.

Answer 2

penetrating wound

Question 3

The linings of body cavities and passages that communicate directly or indirectly with the environment outside the body.

Answer 3

mucus membranes

Question 4

Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through.

Answer 4

superficial burns

Question 5

Injuries in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination.

Answer 5

open injuries

Question 6

Injuries in which soft-tissue damage occurs as a result of thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.

Answer 6

burns

Question 7

Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist, and mottled.

Answer 7

partial-thickness burns

Question 8

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap.

Answer 8

avulsion

Question 9

A deep, jagged cut in the skin.

Answer 9

laceration

Question 10

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

Answer 10

amputation

Question 11

Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark brown, or charred.

Answer 11

full-thickness burns

Question 12

A burn caused by an open flame.

Answer 12

flame burns

Question 13

A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as
the result of an injury.

Answer 13

ecchymosis

Question 14

The fiber-like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.

Answer 14

fascia

Question 15

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body.

Answer 15

contamination

Question 16

A sharp, smooth cut in the skin.

Answer 16

incision

Question 17

The displacement of organs outside of the body.

Answer 17

evisceration

Question 18

An airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to passively escape from the chest, while an unvented dressing may be made of petroleum jelly–based (Vaseline) gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic.

Answer 18

occlusive dressing

Question 19

Objects that penetrate the skin but remain in place.

Answer 19

impaled objects

Question 20

The outer layer of skin, which is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a watertight protective covering for the body.

Answer 20

epidermis

Question 21

Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface of the skin remains intact.

Answer 21

closed injuries

Question 22

An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body.

Answer 22

crushing injury

Question 23

A burn caused by heat

Answer 23

thermal burn

Question 24

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.

Answer 24

compartment syndrome

Question 25

A burn caused by hot liquids.

Answer 25

scald burn

Question 26

A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.

Answer 26

hematoma

Question 27

A burn caused by exposure to hot steam.

Answer 27

steam burn

Question 27

A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object.

Answer 27

contact burn

Question 28

Infected with rabies

Answer 28

rabid

Question 29

A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area.

Answer 29

rules of nines

Question 30

A burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as in an explosion.

Answer 30

flash burn

Question 31

Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. This can lead to renal failure and death.

Answer 31

crush syndrome

Question 32

The skin protects the body by _____

Answer 32

keeping pathogens out and water in and assisting in body temperature regulation.

Question 33

Three types of soft-tissue injuries are

Answer 33

Closed injuries
Open injuries
Burns

Question 34

Closed soft-tissue injures are characterized by a history of

Answer 34

blunt trauma
pain at the site of injury
swelling beneath the skin, and
discoloration.

Question 35

Contusions, hematomas, and crushing injuries are classified as

Answer 35

closed injuries.

Question 36

Treat closed soft-tissue injuries by applying mnemonic RICES:

Answer 36

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Splint

Question 37

Injuries that are classified as open injuries are

Answer 37

Abrasions
lacerations
avulsions
penetrating wounds

Question 38

Treat an open soft-tissue injury by

Answer 38

applying direct pressure with a sterile bandage using a roller bandage,
splint the extremity
use a tourniquet when necessary to control bleeding

Question 39

Burns are serious and painful soft-tissue injuries caused by

Answer 39

heat (thermal)
chemicals
electricity
radiation

Question 40

Burns are classified primarily by

Answer 40

the depth and extent of the burn injury, and
the body area involved

Question 41

Burns are considered to be

Answer 41

superficial,
partial-thickness, or
full-thickness
based on the depth of tissue involved.

Question 42

When providing emergency care for burns, do the following:

Answer 42

Use standard precautions to protect yourself from potentially contaminated body fluid and to protect the patient from potential infection.
Ensure you have cooled the burned area to prevent further cellular damage.
Remove jewelry and constrictive clothing; never attempt to remove any synthetic material that may have melted into the burned skin.
Ensure an open and clear airway, provide high-flow oxygen, and be alert to signs and symptoms of inhalation injury such as difficulty breathing, stridor, or wheezing.
Place sterile dressings over the burn areas; to prevent hypothermia, cover the patient with a clean blanket. Provide prompt transport.

Question 43

Dressings and bandages are designed to

Answer 43

control bleeding
protect the wound from further damage
prevent further contamination
prevent infection

Question 44

Contusion

Answer 44

is a bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin.

Question 45

Excited delirium is

Answer 45

A serious behavioral condition in which a person exhibits agitated behavior combined with disorientation, hallucinations, ,or delusions; also called agitated delirium or exhaustive mania.

Question 46

Flash burn

Answer 46

a burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as in an explosion.

Question 47

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a

Answer 47

superficial burn

Question 48

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is call a(n)

Answer 48

contusion

Question 49

A hematoma develops when

Answer 49

large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged.

Question 50

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:

Answer 50

dermal layer.

Question 51

An abdominal evisceration:

Answer 51

occurs when organs protrude through an open wound.

Question 52

Functions of dressings and bandages include:

Answer 52

protection from further injury, control of external hemorrhage, and prevention of contamination.

Question 53

Functions of the skin include:

Answer 53

sending information to the brain,
regulation of body temperature, and
maintenance of water balance.

Question 54

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is most important to:

Answer 54

remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

Question 55

When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should:

Answer 55

avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics.

Question 56

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient?

Answer 56

Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest.