Chapter 3 Patient Care

Question 1

As a sonographer you have 4 main obligations to whom?

Answer 1

patient; radiologist; department, self

Question 2

Explain Patient Focused Care (PFC)

Answer 2

A national movement to regain the respect and goodwill of the American public. To ensure that all patients receive the best quality care.

Question 3

Vital signs

Answer 3

Observable and measurable signs of life; pulse, respiration, temperature and blood pressure

Question 4

Pulse is…..

Answer 4

easy and effective way to measure heart rate, recorded as bpm, felt typically at the radial (wrist) area

Question 5

Normal adult pulse rate is…

Answer 5

60-100 bpm

Question 6

Arrhythmia or Dysrhythmia

Answer 6

any irregular heart rate

Question 7

Tachycardia

Answer 7

Fast heart rate, greater than 100 bpm

Question 8

Bradycardia

Answer 8

Slow heart rate, lower than 60 bpm

Question 9

Oximetry

Answer 9

The measuring of oxygen in the blood

Question 10

Respiration

Answer 10

The process of inhaling, exhaling air. Normal breathing is 12-20 breaths/minute

Question 11

Dyspnea

Answer 11

difficulty breathing

Question 12

Cyanosis

Answer 12

change in patient’s color, bluish tint

Question 13

Apnea

Answer 13

Not breathing

Question 14

Blood Pressure

Answer 14

The pressure exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. Normal is 115/75 or 120/80.

Question 15

Systolic Pressure

Answer 15

Top number; Ventricles contract to pump blood to the body.

Question 16

Diastolic Pressure

Answer 16

Lower number; When the ventricles fill with blood

Question 17

Hypertension

Answer 17

High blood pressure; 140/90 or greater

Question 18

Hypotension

Answer 18

Low blood pressure; Less than 90/60

Question 19

Body Mechanics

Answer 19

Using the correct muscles to complete a task without undue strain on any joints or muscles.

Question 20

4 Basic Principles of Body Mechanics

Answer 20

Stable and low center of gravity; Strong base by keeping feet apart; Keep back straight and object close to you; Proper body alignment

Question 21

Standard Precautions

Answer 21

Basic infection control guidelines used to reduce spread of infection through airborne, droplet and contact contaminations

Question 22

Most important standard precaution?

Answer 22

Hand washing

Question 23

Airborne transmissions include:

Answer 23

TB, Measles, Chicken Pox, Shingles

Question 24

Droplet transmissions include:

Answer 24

Mumps, Measles (rubella), Whooping cough, Pneumonia, Meningitis, Strep Throat

Question 25

Contact transmissions include:

Answer 25

MRSA, Ecoli, Wound infections, Flu, Impetigo, Pinkeye, Scabies, Hep A

Question 26

Nosocomial infection

Answer 26

Hospital acquired infection

Question 27

Patient’s Bill of Rights

Answer 27

A document that explains patient rights, including open and honest communication, respect for their person and values, sensitivity to any differences that may affect their care, etc.

Question 28

HIPAA

Answer 28

Establishes standards set to secure any and all healthcare information about a patient.