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Spring Semester 2013 > Chapter 17 Peritoneal Cavity/ABD Wall > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Peritoneal Cavity/ABD Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Loops of the digestive tract anchored to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity by this large double fold of peritoneal tissue

A

mesentary

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2
Q

Space anterior to the right kidney and posterior to the inferior border of the liver where ascites or fluid may accumulate or an abscess may develop

A

Morison’s pouch

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3
Q

Pouchlike extension of the visceral peritoneum from the lower edge of the stomach,part of the duodenum, and the transverse colon

A

omentum

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4
Q

Inferior to the liver

A

subhepatic

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5
Q

Below the diaphragn

A

subphrenic

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6
Q

Localized collection of pus

A

abscess

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7
Q

Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

ascites

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8
Q

Most dependent areas in the flanks of the abdomen and pelvis where fluid collections may accumulate

A

gutters

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9
Q

Collection of blood

A

hemorrhage

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10
Q

Increase in the number of WBC’s (leukocytes)

A

leukocytosis

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11
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum

A

peritonitis

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12
Q

Pus producing

A

pyogenic

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13
Q

Sonographic sign that you see when a vessel or organ is surrounded by a tumor on either side

A

sandwich sign

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14
Q

Spread of infection to the bloodstream

A

sepsis

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15
Q

Infection in the blood

A

septicemia

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16
Q

Cyst containing urine

A

urinoma

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17
Q

Because of the ___ ligament attachments, collections in the right posterior subphrenic space cannot extend between the bare area of the liver and the diaphragm.

A

coronary

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18
Q

The pleural fluid tends to distribute ___ in the chest.

A

posteromedially

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19
Q

Subscapular liver and splenic collections are seen when they are ___ to the diaphragm unilaterally and conform to the shape of an organ capsule.

A

inferior

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20
Q

A mass in confirmed to be in the retroperitoneal cavity when anterior renal displacement or anterior displacement of the dilated __ can be documented.

A

ureters

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21
Q

The mass intersposed ___ or superiorly to kidneys can be located either intraperitoneally or retroperitoneally.

A

anteriorly

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22
Q

Fatty and collagenous connective tissues in the perirenal or anterior perirenal space produce echoes that are best demonstrated on ___ scans.

A

sagittal

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23
Q

Retroperitoneal lesions displace echoes ___ and cranially.

A

ventrally

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24
Q

Hepatic and subhepatic lesions produce ___ and posterior displacement.

A

inferior

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25
Q

A large right sided peritoneal mass rotates the intrahepatic portal veins to the ___.

A

left

26
Q

The peritoneal cavity is made up of multiple peritoneal ligaments and folds that connect the ___ to each other and to the abdominopelvic ___.

A

viscera; walls

27
Q

Within the cavity are found the lesser and greater ___, the ___, and multiple fluid spaces (lesser sac,perihepatic,subphrenic spaces).

A

omentum; mesenteries

28
Q

The ___ is a smooth membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity and is reflected over the contained organs.

A

peritoneum

29
Q

The part that lines the walls of the cavity is the ___ peritoneum, whereas the part covering the abdominal organs to a greater or lesser extent is the ___ peritoneum.

A

parietal; visceral

30
Q

The general peritoneal cavity is known as the ___ sac of the peritoneum.

A

greater

31
Q

With the development of the stomach and spleen, a smaller sac called the ___ sac (omental bursa), is the peritoneal recess posterior to the stomach.

A

lesser

32
Q

This sac communicates with the greater sac through a small vertical opening known as the __ foramen.

A

epiploic

33
Q

When the patient is lying supine, the lowest part of the body is the ___.

A

pelvis

34
Q

A double layer of peritoneum extending from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach is known as the ___ omentum.

A

lesser

35
Q

The ___ omentum is an apron like fold of peritoneum that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach.

A

greater

36
Q

Ligaments on the right side of the liver form the ___ and ___ spaces.

A

subphrenic, subhepatic

37
Q

The subphrenic space is divided into right and left components by the ___ ligaments.

A

falciform

38
Q

The ___ hepatis ascends from the umbilicus to the umbilical notch of the liver within the free margin of the falciform ligament before coursing within the liver.

A

ligamentum teres

39
Q

The paired ___ abdominus muscles are delineated medially in the midline of the body by the linea alba.

A

rectus

40
Q

The amunt of intraperitoneal fluid depends on the ___,___, and patient ___.

A

location, volume, position

41
Q

The ascitic fluid first fills the ___, then the paravesical recesses before it ascends to both paracolic gutters.

A

pouch of Douglas

42
Q

The small bowel loops ___ or ___ in the surrounding ascitic fluid, depending on the relative gas content and amount of fat in the mesentery.

A

floats ;sinks

43
Q

Inflammatory or malignant ascites appears with ___ echoes; loculation; unusual distribution, matting, or clumping of bowel loops; and thickening of interfaces between the fluid and neighboring structures.

A

fine or coarse internal

44
Q

A cavity formed by necrosis within a solid tissue or a circumscribed collection of purulent material is a/an ___.

A

abscess

45
Q

Name the 5 major pathways in which bacteria can enter the liver and cause abscess formation.

A

through portal system; by way of ascending cholangitis of the CBD; via hepatic artery secondary to bacteremia; direct extension from an infection; implantation of bacteria after trauma to ABD wall

46
Q

Extrahepatic loculated collections of bile that may develop because of iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous rupture of the biliary tree are ___.

A

bilomas

47
Q

An abscess that forms within the renal parenchyma is a ______. Clinical symptoms vary from none to fever, leukocytosis, and flank pain.

A

renal carbuncle

48
Q

The most common abdominal pathologic process is ___, which requires immediate surgery.

A

acute appendicitis

49
Q

A mass or lesion within the mesentery and omentum may have solid or cystic characteristics, whereas a mass within the peritoneum may show a/an ___ pattern.

A

infiltrative

50
Q

Mesenteric and omental cysts may be uniloculated or ___ with smooth walls and thin internal septations.

A

multiloculated

51
Q

An incomplete regression of the urachus during development is a/an ___cyst.

A

urachal

52
Q

An encapsulated collection of urine, or ___, may result from a closed renal injury, from surgical intervention, or it may arise spontaneously secondary to an obstructing lesion.

A

urinoma

53
Q

The most common primary sites of peritoneal metasteses are the ___, ___, and ___.

A

ovaries, stomach, colon

54
Q

The ___ sign of lymphoma represents a mass infiltrating the mesenteric leaves and encasing the SMA.

A

sandwich

55
Q

A key factor in determining if an abdominal wall mass is present is the ___ of the rectus sheath muscles.

A

symmetry

56
Q

A collection of fluid that occurs after surgery in the pelvis, retroperitoneum, or recess cavities is known as a ___.

A

lumphocele

57
Q

Extraperitoneal rectus sheath ___ are acute or chronic collectionsof blood lying either within the rectus muscle or between the muscle and its sheath.

A

hematomas

58
Q

An abdominal ___ is the protrusion of a peritoneal-lined sac through a defect in the weakened abdominal wall.

A

hernia

59
Q

A variant of the ventral hernia that is found more laterally in the abdominal wall is a ___ hernia.

A

spigelian

60
Q

List the 4 sono criteria for a hernia.

A

seen on sono as an abd wall defect; presence of bowel loops or mesenteric fat within a lesion; exaggeration of a lesion with strain (Valsalva); reducibility of lesion by application of gentle pressure

Spring Semester 2013 (13 decks)

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