Chapter 19 US Guided Interventional Techniques Flashcards
Method of performing an ultrasound guided procedure without the use of a needle guide on the transducer
free-hand technique
Defect in blood clotting mechanisms
coagulopathy
Diminished blood volume
hypovolemia
Method developed to standardized prothrombin time (PT) results among labs by accounting for the different thromboplastin reagents used to determine PT
international normalized ratio
Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity
pneumothorax
Lab test that measures levels of this antigen in the body, elevated levels of which could indicate prostate cancer
PSA-prostate specific antigen
Decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure below normal
hypotension
Lab test that can be used to evaluate the effects of heparin, aspirin, and antihistamines on the blood clotting process by detecting clotting abnormalities of the intrinsic and common pathways
PTT- partial thromboplastin time
Surgical puncture of the chest wall for removal of fluids; usually done by using a large bore needle
thoracentesis
Concerning the action of stimuli from the vagus nerve on blood vessels; vasovagal syncope is a brief loss of consciousness caused by a sudden drop in heart rate and BP, whichreduced blood flow to the brain
vasovagal
AFP=
alpha fetoprotein
FNA=
fine needle aspiration
INR=
international normalized ratio
PSA=
prostate specific antigen
PT=
prothrombin time
PTT=
partial thromboplastin time
Discuss the main advantages of using US for biopsy guidance.
real time video, flexible patient positioning, portability, lack of radiation, decreased cost, shorter procedure times
List the limitations of US biopsy guidance.
Not all masses can be visualized, bowel gas, needle may deviate, fixed angles, inexperienced sono techs
The most common indication for a biopsy is to confirm ___ in a mass.
malignancy
Identify the contraindications of a biopsy.
Uncorrectable bleeding disorder, lack of safe needle path, uncooperative patient
Which lab test is used to evaluate the effects of heparin, aspirin, and antihistamines on the blood clotting process?
PTT- partial thromboplastin time
Biopsies are used to confirm if a mass is ___, ___, or ___.
benign, malignant, infectious
A ___ uses an automated, spring loaded device, termed a biopsy gun, to provide a core of tissue for histologic analysis.
core biopsy
FNA uses a __ needle to obtain cells from a mass.
thin
One method of US guided intervention is called the ___ technique and is performed without the use of a needle guide on the transducer.
free hand
Identify the benefits of using a needle guide.
faster learning curve, faster needle placement, assurance that the needle is going through the anesthetized area when multiple passes are required
The patient must be informed of the potential ___, alternate methods of obtaining the same info, and what would be the course of the disease if the biopsy were not performed and the correct treatment could not be planned.
risks
AFP=
alpha fetoprotein
FNA=
fine needle aspiration
INR=
international normalized ratio
PSA=
prostate specific antigen
PT=
prothrombin time
PTT=
partial thromboplastin time
Defect in blood clotting mechanisms
coagulopathy
Diminished blood volume
hypovolemia
Method developed to standardized prothrombin time (PT) results among labs by accounting for the different thromboplastin reagents used to determine PT
international normalized ratio
Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity
pneumothorax
Lab test that measures levels of this antigen in the body, elevated levels of which could indicate prostate cancer
PSA-prostate specific antigen
Decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure below normal
hypotension
Lab test that can be used to evaluate the effects of heparin, aspirin, and antihistamines on the blood clotting process by detecting clotting abnormalities of the intrinsic and common pathways
PTT- partial thromboplastin time
Surgical puncture of the chest wall for removal of fluids; usually done by using a large bore needle
thoracentesis
Concerning the action of stimuli from the vagus nerve on blood vessels; vasovagal syncope is a brief loss of consciousness caused by a sudden drop in heart rate and BP, whichreduced blood flow to the brain
vasovagal
AFP=
alpha fetoprotein
FNA=
fine needle aspiration
INR=
international normalized ratio
PSA=
prostate specific antigen
PT=
prothrombin time
PTT=
partial thromboplastin time
Discuss the main advantages of using US for biopsy guidance.
real time video, flexible patient positioning, portability, lack of radiation, decreased cost, shorter procedure times
List the limitations of US biopsy guidance.
Not all masses can be visualized, bowel gas, needle may deviate, fixed angles, inexperienced sono techs
The most common indication for a biopsy is to confirm ___ in a mass.
malignancy
Identify the contraindications of a biopsy.
Uncorrectable bleeding disorder, lack of safe needle path, uncooperative patient
Which lab test is used to evaluate the effects of heparin, aspirin, and antihistamines on the blood clotting process?
PTT- partial thromboplastin time
Biopsies are used to confirm if a mass is ___, ___, or ___.
benign, malignant, infectious
A ___ uses an automated, spring loaded device, termed a biopsy gun, to provide a core of tissue for histologic analysis.
core biopsy
FNA uses a __ needle to obtain cells from a mass.
thin
One method of US guided intervention is called the ___ technique and is performed without the use of a needle guide on the transducer.
free hand
Identify the benefits of using a needle guide.
faster learning curve, faster needle placement, assurance that the needle is going through the anesthetized area when multiple passes are required
The patient must be informed of the potential ___, alternate methods of obtaining the same info, and what would be the course of the disease if the biopsy were not performed and the correct treatment could not be planned.
risks
The national patient safety standards mandate that a “timeout” be performed at the beginning of any procedure. What is timeout and what is the purpose?
A chance to stop and double check name, ID, history, type and location of procedure. Document on screen that this was done.
Complications from an ultrasound guided biopsy are usually minor and may include ___ reactions, and ___.
postprocedural pain/discomfort, vasovagal reactions, hematomas
It is important to determine how much the mass moves with ___ and also how well and how long the patient can hold his/her breath.
respiration
Describe how to see the needle tip in US.
bobbing motion, angle transducer superior/inferior, harmonics/compound imaging, carefully reinsert needle and monitor
Whenever possible, a ___ approach should be used to prevent the possibility of a pnemothorax or damage to the intercostal arteries.
subcostal
Typically the ___ pole of the kidney is biopsied to prevent possible lacerations of the main renal vessels and ureter.
upper
Patients may be marked for thoracentesis or have the procedure under US guidance. Patients should be scanned in the __ position that the procedure will be performed in, which is usually in an upright position, through the back.
same
