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Spring Semester 2013 > Chapter 15 The Spleen > Flashcards

Chapter 15 The Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

Results from the failure of fusion of separate splenic masses forming on the dorsal mesogastrium; most commonly found in the splenic hilum or along the splenic vessels or associated ligaments

A

accessory spleen

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2
Q

One of the ligaments between stomach and spleen that helps to hold the spleen in place

A

gastrosplenic ligament

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3
Q

Within the peritoneal cavity

A

intraperitoneal

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4
Q

LUQ of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, stomach

A

left hypochondrium

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5
Q

Ligament between the spleen and kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

lienorenal ligament

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6
Q

Alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

A

lymph

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7
Q

Ligament between the spleen and the splenic flexure of the colon

A

phrenocolic ligament

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8
Q

More than one spleen

A

polysplenia

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9
Q

Certain phagocytic cells (found in the liver and spleen) make up the RES (reticuloendothelial) system; plays a role in the synthesis of blood proteins and hematopoiesis

A

reticuloendothelial

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10
Q

Complete absence of the spleen

A

splenic agenesis

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11
Q

Branch of the celiac axis; tortuous course towards the spleen; serves as the superior border of the pancreas

A

splenic artery

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12
Q

Located in the middle of the spleen; site where lymph nodes exit and enter the spleen

A

splenic hilum

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13
Q

Leaves the splenic hilum; travels transversely through the upper abdomen to join with the SMV to form the main portal vein; serves as the posterior medial border of the pancreas

A

splenic vein

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14
Q

Spleen that has migrated from its normal position in the LUQ

A

wandering spleen

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15
Q

Process by which the spleen removes abnormal RBC’s as they pass through

A

culling

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16
Q

Red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

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17
Q

Blood cell production

A

hematopoiesis

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18
Q

Oxygen binding protein found in RBC’s

A

hemoglobin

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19
Q

Pigment released from hemoglobin process

A

hemosiderin

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20
Q

Abnormal decrease in WBC corpuscles; may be phagocytosisdrug induced

A

leukopenia

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21
Q

Follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes

A

malpighian corpuscles

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22
Q

Process by which the red pulp destroys the degenerating RBC’s

A

phagocytosis

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23
Q

Process by which the spleen removes nuclei from blood cells without destroying the erythrocytes

A

pitting

24
Q

Consists of reticular cells and fibers (cords of Billroth); surrounds the splenic sinuses

A

red pulp

25
Q

Long irregular channels lined by endothelial cells or flattened reticular cells.

A

splenic sinuses

26
Q

Defend the body by destroying invading microorganisms and their toxins

A

white blood cells

27
Q

Consists of lymphatic tissue and lymphatic follicles

A

white pulp

28
Q

Metabolic disorder marked by amyloid deposits in orgasd and tissues

A

amyloidosis

29
Q

Anemia caused by antibodies produced by the patient’s own immune system

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

30
Q

One of the storage diseases in which fat and proteins are deposited abnormally within the body

A

Gaucher’s disease

31
Q

Anemia resulting from the hemolysis of RBC’s

A

hemolytic anemia

32
Q

Malignant disease that involves lymphoid tissue

A

Hodgkin disease

33
Q

Interruption of the blood supply to an area that may lead to necrosis of the area

A

infarction

34
Q

Acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly affects teenagers and young adults; symptoms include fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, abnormal lymphocysts, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

mononucleosis

35
Q

Malignant disease of lymphoid tissue seen in increased frequency in individuals older than 50

A

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

36
Q

Excess of RBC’s

A

polycythemia

37
Q

Chronic, life shortening condition of unknown cause involving bone marrow elements; characterized by an increase in RBC mass and hemoglobin concentration

A

polycythemia vera

38
Q

Inherited disorder transmitted by an autosomal recessive trait that causes an abnormality of the globin genes in hemoglobin

A

sickle cell anemia

39
Q

Hereditary condition in which erythocytes assume a spheroid shape

A

spherocytosis

40
Q

Condition in sickle cell anemia in whict the sickled cells interfere with oxygen transport, obstruct capillary blood flow, and cause fever and severe pain in the joints and abdomen

A

sickle cell crisis

41
Q

Enlargement of the spleen.

A

Splenomegaly

42
Q

Group of hereditary anemias occurring in Asian and Meditteranean populations

A

thalassemia

43
Q

The spleen is part of the reticuloendothelial system and is the largest single mass of ___ in the body.

A

lymphoid tissue

44
Q

The spleen is a/an ___organ, covered with peritoneum over its entire extent except for a small area at the hilum, where the vascular structures and lymph nodes are located.

A

intraperitoneal

45
Q

The spleen is normally measured with US on a long image from the ___ margin to the ___ margin at the long axis.

A

upper; inferior

46
Q

___ may occur as part of asplenic or polysplenic syndromes in association with complex cardiac malformations, bronchopulmonary abnormalities, or visceral heterotaxis.

A

Splenic agenesis

47
Q

A ___ is usually found near the hilum or inferior border of the spleen but has been reported elsewhere in the abdominal cavity.

A

accessory spleen

48
Q

The ___ indicated the percentage of RBC’s per volume of blood.

A

hematocrit

49
Q

The term ___ indicates bacteria in the bloodstream.

A

sepsis

50
Q

The increase in the number of WBC’s present in the blood that is a typical finding of infection is called ___.

A

leukocytosis

51
Q

Sonographically the splenic parenchyma should have a fine homogenous ___, as seen within the liver parenchyma.

A

low level echo pattern

52
Q

Systemic venous congestion is found in cardiac decompensation involving the ___ side of the heart.

A

right

53
Q

In infants and children in crisis, the earlier stage of ____, the spleen is enlarged with marked congestion of the red pulp.

A

sickle cell anemia

54
Q

Patients with hepatosplenic ____ may show irregular masses within the spleen, the “wheels within wheels” pattern, with the outer wheel representing the ring of fibrosis surrounding the echogenic wheel of inflammatory cells and a central hypoechoic area.

A

candidiasis

55
Q

If the patient has severe LUQ pain secondary to trauma, a splenic _____ or a ___ hematoma should be considered.

A

hematoma; subscapular

Spring Semester 2013 (13 decks)

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