Chapter 3: Neuroscience And Behavior Flashcards
Threshold
-40 mv
Terminal button
The ends of the axon that releases charge
Resting potential
At rest it’s -70 mv
Myelin sheath
Protecting layer covering the axons. Insulates and improves conductivity
Where is sodium present in the neuron?
Outside the neuron
Where is Potassium present in the neuron?
Inside the axon of the neuron
What happens when you meet the threshold?
A channel opens up in the axon, and the sodium flows into the axon, and potassium flows out. The terminal buttons release their chemical into the synapse to communicate to the next neuron
Refractory period
Where there can be no firing until it reverts back to state where potassium is on the outside and potassium inside.
Reuptake
The chemicals that get released from the terminal buttons, have to go BACK to where they came from (reuptake)
Sensory neurons
Neurons 5 senses
Motor neurons
Stimulate muscles to produce movement
Inter neurons
Connects different neurons together
Conduction
Movement of electrical signal within neurons
Transmission
Movement of electrical signal from one neuron to another across synapse
Electrochemical action
The process of conduction and transmission together
Agonists
Drugs increase action of a neurotransmitter
Antagonist
Drugs that block the function of a neurotransmitter
Nervous system
Central and Peripheral nervous systems
Central nervous system
Made up of brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
The pathways beyond your brain and spine
Divisions of the brain
Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain
Hindbrain
Coordinates information coming into and out of the spinal cord; also controls the basic functions of life
Midbrain
Important for orientation and movement
Forebrain
Highest level of brain; critical for complex cognitive, emotional, sensory, and motor functions
Subcortical structures
Thalamus and hypothalamus
Thalamus
Relays and filters information from senses and transmits to cerebral cortex
Hypothalamus
Regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, sexual behavior
Limbic system
Hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
Amygdala
Takes in environment, and decodes value/risk
Limbic system
Forebrain that is involved in motivation, emotion, learning, and memory
Endocrine system
Hormones- pituitary gland. Travel thought blood stream
Sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic to keeping you alive (arousing)
