Chapter 12\

Question 1

Correspondence bias

Answer 1

Tendency to make a dispositional attribution, even when a person’s behavior was caused by the situation

Question 2

Actor-observer effect

Answer 2

Tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical

Question 3

Attribution

Answer 3

Inference about the cause of a person’s behavior

Question 4

Situational attributions

Answer 4

Attribute the external situation as the cause

Question 5

Dispositional attributions

Answer 5

Attribute someone’s internal disposition as the cause

Question 6

Diathesis—stress model

Answer 6

Suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress

Question 7

Stigmas

Answer 7

Attached to labeling people with psychological disorders

Question 8

Anxiety disorder

Answer 8

Class of mental disorders in which anxiety is the predominant feature

Question 9

Phobic disorders

Answer 9

Disorders characterized by marked, persistent, and excessive fear and avoidance of specific objects, activities, or situations

Question 10

Specific phobia

Answer 10

Disorder that involves an irrational fear to a particular object

Question 11

Social phobia

Answer 11

Disorder that involves an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrased

Question 12

Panic disorder

Answer 12

Disorder characterized by the sudden occurrence of multiple psychological and physiological symptoms that contribute to a feeling of stark terror, panic attacks

Question 13

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 13

Disorder characterized by chronic excessive worry

Question 14

OCD

Answer 14

Repetitive, ritualistic behaviors

Question 15

PTSD

Answer 15

Chronic physiological arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts, avoidance of things that call the traumatic event to mind

Question 16

Major depression

Answer 16

Disorder characterized by a severely depressed mood, lack of pleasure, sleep/appetite

Question 17

SAD

Answer 17

Depression that involves a recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal pattern