Chapter 3 Histology Flashcards
(38 cards)
Define: Histology
The study of tissues, also synonymous with microscopic anatomy.
Define: Extracellular matrix
The material outside of and Between cells. In many tissues it includes amorphous protein/polysaccharide material called ground substance.
Define Ground Substance
The glue of the Extracellular matrix. Made of a protein/ polysaccharide component.
Define: Tissues
Groups of similar cells, and the extracellular matrix (products) in which they are embedded.
What Does the cellular Matrix consist of?
extracellular fibers, and amorphous ground substance.
What are the four basic types of tissue
Muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, and nervous tissue.
What are the three Primary Germ layers?
Ectoderm (outer layer), Mesoderm (middle layer), and Endoderm (inner layer)
What Tissues does the Ectoderm layer form?
Epithelium, and all of the nervous tissue of the body.
What Tissues does the Mesoderm layer form?
all the connective tissue, all the muscle tissue, and the epithelium lining the vessels and serous body cavities.
What Tissues does the Endoderm layer form.
Forms the lining epithelium of most parts of the visceral body systems.
Epithelial Tissue forms in which germ layers?
Endoderm, mesoderm, and Ectoderm
Muscle Tissue forms in which germ layer?
Mesoderm
Connective Tissue forms in which germ layers?
mesoderm
Nervous Tissue forms in which germ layer?
ectoderm
What are the 3 types of Muscle cells?
Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal
Describe Skeletal muscle.
Voluntary movement, striations, cylindrical, multi multinucleated, Nucli around the edges of the cell.
Describe Cardiac muscle.
Involuntary, striations, Y shaped, centrally located nucleus, joined end-to-end by INTERCALATED DISCS
Simple epithelia:
One cell layer thick
Stratified epithelia
Two or more cell layers thick
Epithelial tissue may be?
squamous epithelium, cuboidal epithelium, columnar epithelium.
What are the two major categories of Epithelium?
Membranous epithelium, and glandular epithelium.
Describe Membranous epithelium on the basis of blood supply, presence of basement membrane, and general location in the body.
No blood vessels (instead uses diffusion by adjacent tissues), In contact with the basement membrane, covers outer surfaces and lines the inner surfaces of the body.
Describe Glandular epithelium on the basis of blood supply, presence of basement membrane, and general location in the body.
Has a blood supply, Located everywhere Membranous Epithelium is located, Lacks a basement membrane.
Membranous Epithelium can be divided into 6 categories. What are they?
Simple (one cell thick): Squamous, cuboidal,columnar AND Stratified (more than one cell thick) Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar.