Chapter 3 - Cells Flashcards
apo-
away, off, apart
(apoptosis)
cyt-
cell
(cytoplasm)
endo-
within
(endoplasmic reticulum)
hyper-
above
(hypertonic)
hypo-
below
(hypotonic)
inter-
between
(interphase)
iso-
equal
(isotonic)
lys-
to break up
(lysosome)
mit-
thread
(mitosis)
phag-
to eat
(phagocytosis)
pino-
to drink
(pinocytosis)
pro-
before
(prophase)
-som
body
(ribosome)
vesic-
bladder
(vesicle)
micrometer
one thousandth of a millimeter
(μm)
How many cells does an adult human body have?
50 trillion to 100 trillion, or about 75 trillion
differentiation
cell specialization
3 major parts of a human cell
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
nucleus
cellular organelle enclosed by a double bilayer nuclear envelope and containing DNA

cytoplasm
the contents of a cell including cytosol and organelles, excluding the nucleus, enclosed by the cell membrane

cell membrane
(plasma membrane)
- the selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell consisting of a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins
- maintains integrity of cell
- provides for signal transduction

organelle
a structure or compartment in cells that houses the biochemical reactions that carry out a specific function

cytosol
gel-like fluid portion of the cytoplasm
hydrophilic
water-soluble



















