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Hole’s Human Anatomy & Physiology 16th Edition Welsh > 5- Tissues > Flashcards

5- Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

The type of tissue that covers exposed surfaces and lines internal passageways and body cavities…

A

Epithelial

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2
Q

The two types of layering recognized in epithelial tissues are…

A

Simple and stratified

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3
Q

The type of cells that form glandular epithelium that secretes enzymes and buffers in the pancreas and salivary glands are…

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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4
Q

The type of epithelial tissue found along the ducts that drain sweat glands is…

A

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

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5
Q

A single layer of epithelial cells covering a basal lamina is termed…

A

Simple epithelium

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6
Q

Simple epithelial cells are characteristics of regions where…

A

Secretion and absorption occur

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7
Q

From a surface view, cells that look like fried eggs laid side by side are…

A

Squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Stratified epithelium has several cell layers above the basal lamina and is usually found in areas where…

A

Mechanical or chemical stresses occur

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9
Q

Cells that form a neat row with nuclei near the center of each cell and that appears square in typical sectional views are…

A

Cuboidal epithelium

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10
Q

The major structural difference between columnar epithelia and cuboidal epithelia that the columnar epithelia…

A

Are taller and slender and the nuclei are crowded into a narrow band close to the basement membrane

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11
Q

Simple squamous epithelium would be found in the following area(s) of the body…

A
  1. Urinary tract and inner surface of circulatory system
  2. Respiratory surface of lungs
  3. Lining of body cavities
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12
Q

Stratified columnar epithelia provide protection along portions of…

A

Reproductive, digestive, respiratory, and urinary

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13
Q

Glandular epithelia contain cells that produce…

A

Exocrine and endocrine secretions

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14
Q

The three basic components of all connective tissues are…

A

Specialized cells, extra cellular protein fibers, and ground substance

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15
Q

The two most abundant cell populations found in connective tissue proper are…

A

Fibroblasts and fibrocytes

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16
Q

Most do the volume in loose connective tissue is made up of…

A

Ground substance

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17
Q

The major purpose of adipose tissue in the body are…

A

Energy storage, cushioning, and insulation

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18
Q

Reticular tissue forms the basic framework and organization for several organs that have…

A

A complex three-dimensional structure

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19
Q

Tendons are cords of dense regular connective tissue that…

A

Attach skeletal muscles to bones

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20
Q

Ligaments are bundles of elastic and collagen fibers that…

A

Connect one bone to another bone

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21
Q

The three major subdivisions of the extra cellular fluid in the body are…

A

Plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph

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22
Q

Bone functions as a supporting connective tissue because…

A
  1. The collagen fibers act like steel reinforcing rods
  2. The mineralized matrix acts like concrete
  3. Minerals surrounding the collagen fibers produce a strong, flexible combination that is highly resistant to shattering
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23
Q

The two types of supporting connective tissue are…

A

Cartilage and bone

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24
Q

The type of tissue that fills internal spaces and provides structural support and a framework for communication within the body is…

A

Connective

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25
The three major types of cartilage found in the body are...
Hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage
26
The pads that lie between the vertebrae of the spinal column contain...
Fibrocartilage
27
The mucous membranes that are lined by simple epithelia perform the functions of...
Absorption and secretion
28
The mesothelium of serous membranes is very thin, a structural characteristic that makes them...
Extremely permeable
29
Bone cells found in the lacunae within the matrix are called...
Osteocytes
30
The layers of connective tissue that create the internal framework of the body are responsible for...
1. Providing strength and stability 2. Maintaining the relative positions of internal organs 3. Providing a route for the distribution of blood vessels
31
Muscle tissue has the ability to...
Contract and produce active movement
32
The three types of muscle tissue found in the body are...
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
33
Skeletal muscle fibers are very unusual because they may be...
A foot or more in length, and each cell contains hundreds of nuclei
34
Neural tissue is specialized to...
Carry electrical impulses from one part of the body to another
35
The major function of neurons in neural tissue is to...
Transmit signals that take the form of changes in the transmembrane potential
36
Structurally, neurons are unique because they are the only cells in the body that have...
Axons and dendrites
37
The restoration of homeostasis after and injury involves two related processes, which are...
Inflammation and regeneration
38
The release of histamine by mast cells at an injury site produces the following responses...
Redness, warmth, and swelling
39
With advancing age, the...
Energy consumption in general declines
40
The four primary tissue types found in the body are connective, muscle, epithelial, and...
Neural
41
.....refers to the structural and functional differences between apical and basal surfaces of epithelia.
Polarity
42
The epithelium that lines the body cavity is the..
Mesothelium
43
The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called a(n)...
Endothelium
44
In merocrine secretion, the product is released through...
Exocytosis
45
Of the four primary types, the tissue that stores energy in bulk quantities is...
Connective tissue
46
The most common fibers in connective tissue proper are...
Collagen fibers
47
Connective tissue fibers forming a branching, interwoven framework that is tough but flexible describes...
Reticular fibers
48
The collagen fibers that connect one bone to another are the...
Ligaments
49
Cartilage cells, or......, divide and contribute additional matrix during interstitial growth.
Chondrocytes
50
The loose connective tissue of a mucous membrane is called the...
Lamina propria
51
A layer of areoles tissue and fat,.......,separates the skin from underlying tissues and organs.
Superficial fascia
52
The only type of muscle tissue that is under voluntary control is...
Skeletal
53
Neural tissue contains several different kinds of supporting cells called...
Neuroglia
54
The death of cells or tissues from disease or injury is referred to as...
Necrosis
55
An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue space is called an...
Abscess
56
With advancing age, tissue repair....and cancer rates....
Declines; increase
57
If epithelial tissues are classified according to their cell shape, the classes would include...
Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar
58
If epithelial cells are classified according to their function, the classes would include those involved with...
Lining, covering, and storage
59
Epithelial tissues are differentiated from the other tissue types because they...
1. Always have a free surface exposed to the environment or to some internal chamber or passageway 2. Have little space between adjacent epithelial cells 3. Do not contain blood vessels
60
Certain epithelial cells are called pseudo stratified columnar because...
They have a layered appearance but all the cells contact the basal lamina
61
Three modes of secretion by glandular epithelial cells are...
Merocrine, apocrine, and Holocene secretions
62
Milk production in the breasts occurs through...
Apocrine and merocrine secretions
63
Holocrine secretions differ from other methods of secretions because...
The product is released but the cell is destroyed
64
Examples of exocrine glands that secrete onto some internal or external surface are...
Sweat and salivary
65
The two fluid connective tissues found in the human body are...
Blood and lymph
66
Supporting connective tissues found in the body are...
Cartilage and bone
67
The common factor shared by the three connective tissue fiber types is that all three types are...
Abundant in all major organs of the body
68
During a weight loss program when nutrients are scarce, adipocytes...
Deflate like collapsing balloons
69
Hyaline cartilage serves to...
Connect the ribs to the sternum
70
Summarizing the structural and functional properties of skeletal muscle tissue, it can be considered...
Striated voluntary muscle
71
The major identifying feature characteristic of mucous membranes is that...
They line cavities that communicate with the exterior
72
Mucous membranes would be found primarily in which of the following systems?
Digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary
73
The pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium are examples of...
Serous membranes
74
The primary function of a serous membrane is to...
Reduce friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces
75
In contrast to serous or mucous membranes, the cutaneous membrane is...
Thick, relatively waterproof, and usually dry
76
Which of the following examples of intercellular connections found in epithelia?
1. Cell adhesion molecules 2. Gap junctions 3. Desmosomes
77
A component that synovial fluid and ground substance have in common is the presence of...
Hyaluronic acid
78
The capsules that surround most organs such as the kidneys and organs in the thoracic and peritoneal cavities are bound to the...
Deep fascia
79
The only avascular type of connective tissue is...
Cartilage
80
Tissue destruction that occurs after cells have been injured or destroyed is called...
Necrosis
81
Which of the following best defines inflammation?
A coordinated defense that produces redness, swelling, heat, and pain
82
The loose connective tissue component of a mucous membrane is called the...
Lamina propria
83
The primary tissue types found in the human body is...
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural

Hole’s Human Anatomy & Physiology 16th Edition Welsh (33 decks)

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