Chapter 1 - Workbook Flashcards
What is the lower portion of the abdominopelvic cavity?
The pelvic cavity
_______ is a variation from the steady-state that sets off a series of events that intensify the changes.
Positive feedback system
_______ is a type of lipid that stores energy.
Fat
The _______ group receives a placebo during the experiment.
Control
_______ is towards the front of the body, or ventral.
Anterior
Energy is released from nutrients is stores as _______, a special energy-storage compound.
ATP
__________ focuses on structures that can be studied by dissection.
Gross Anatomy
_______ is a substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water.
Electrolyte
What is the upper portion of the abdominopelvic cavity?
The abdominal cavity
_______ is the subunits that makeup proteins
amino acids
The dorsal cavity is subdivided into the _______, which holds the brain, and the _______, which contains the spinal cord.
Cranial cavity, Spinal canal
A physiologist studies what?
The science of body function
Science uses a series of steps called the _______ _______ to investigate something of interest.
Scientific Method
_______ is a simple sugar that is the main source of energy for the body
Glucose
__________ is the study of hormones and the glands that produce them.
Endocrinology
_______ is a carbohydrate with long, linked glucose chains.
Glycogen
_______ divides the body into right and left parts, or mirror images.
Saggital
What cavity do only males have?
Scrotal cavity
Body cavities contain internal organs, also called _______.
Viscera
A pharmaceutical company is testing a new medication. The _______ group receives the drug during the experiment.
Experimental
_______ dissociates in solution to produce hydroxide (OH-) and some cation.
Base
A researcher develops a tentative explanation, or _______, which can be tested.
Hypothesis
The _______ and the _______ are the two principal body cavities.
Dorsal and Ventral
A researcher tests a hypothesis by doing what?
Experimentation
In the ventral cavity, which two cavities subdivide it?
Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
Anatomy is the study of what?
Body structure
A _______ is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms.
Ion
_______ is a negatively charged ion
Anion
_______ are large, complex molecules composed of subunits called amino acids.
Proteins
_______ is a positively charged ion.
Cation
_______ are self-regulating control systems that maintain the bodies steady state.
Homeostatic Mechanisms
_______ is a group of organic compounds containing fats and phospholipids.
Lipid
Cells capture energy stored in glucose and other nutrient molecules in the breaking-down phase of metabolism called _______.
Catabolism
_______ is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms.
Ion
_______ divides the boy into superior and inferior parts.
Transverse
_______ is closer to the body midline or point of attachment to the trunk.
Proximal
_______ is a large, complex compounds containing carbon.
Organic Compound
Cells obtain energy from nutrient molecules during a complex series of catabolic chemical reactions referred to as _______.
Cellular Respiration
_____ is the degree of a solution’s acidity
pH
_______ change in some steady-state triggers a response that is opposite to the change.
Negative Feedback System
________ is towards the top of the head, or cranial.
Superior
What are the levels of biological organization in the body from the simplest to the most complex?
Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
Which two cavities composes the thoracic cavity?
The pleural cavity and the mediastinum.
_______ is toward the soles of the feet, or caudal.
Inferior
_______ is closer to the midline of the body.
Medial
_______ is standing erect; eyes forward; arms at sides; palms/ties forward.
Anatomical Position
What separates the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity?
Diaphragm
_______ are sugars and starches
Carbohydrates
_______ divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Frontal
_______ is farther from the midline or point of attachment to the trunk.
Distal
Which cavity holds the lungs?
Pleural Cavity
_______ is all the interaction of chemical processes that take place within the body.
Metabolism
_________ contains the instructions for making all the proteins needed by the cell.
DNA
A(n) _______ is performed to test the hypothesis.
Experiment
_______ dissociates in solution to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and some type of anion.
Acids
The bodies biological levels of organization, from simplest to most complex, are what?
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
_______ is located away from the body surface.
Deep
__________ is the study of the body’s defence system.
Immunology
What is the study of tissues?
Histology
_______ are small, simple compounds such as water, salts, simple acids, and simple bases.
Inorganic Compounds
__________ branch of science that studies body function.
Physiology
______ are nucleic acids that are important for making proteins.
RNA
__________ is the study of the structure, function, and interaction of cells.
Microscopic Anatomy
_______ is a large molecule that consists of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion.
Chemical Compound
__________ focuses on structures that must be studied with microscopes.
Cell Biology
_______ is toward one side of the body.
Lateral
Amino acids are the building blocks of what?
Proteins
_______ is the building, or synthetic, phase of metabolism.
Anabolism
_______ are protein catalysts that regulate chemical reactions.
Enzymes
_______ structures are located toward the surface.
Superficial
What happens in a positive feedback system?
A change in condition that varies from the steady-state sets off events, which intensify the change.
Anabolism is the building, or synthetic, phase of what?
Metabolism
_______ is the back surface of the body, or dorsal.
Posterior
__________ is a branch of science that studies body structure.
Anatomy
Which cavity contains the heart, thymus gland, and parts of the oesophagus and trachea?
the mediastinum
__________ focuses on the functions of the nervous system.
Neurophysiology
What cavity surrounds the heart?
Pericardial cavity
_______ is an appropriate internal environment, or steady-state, for the body.
Homeostasis
