Chapter 3 - Cell Structures and Their Functions Flashcards
specialized structures called _________ perform specific functions
organelles
contains the cell’s genetic material
Nucleus
living material surrounding the nucleus; contains many types of organelles
Cytoplasm
encloses the cytoplasm
Cell membrane/plasma membrane
chemical reactions that occur within cells are called ____________.
cell metabolism
Energy released during metabolism is used for cell activities. True or False
True
the structural and functional characteristics of cells are determined by the type of atoms they produce. True or False
False - Molecules
cells produce and receive chemical and electrical signals that allow them to communicate with one another. True or False
True
specific cells transmit that genetic information to the next generation. True or False
specialized
Also known as the plasma membrane and is the outermost component of a cell
Cell membrane
substance outside the cell
Extracellular
substance inside the cell
Intracellular
Supports the cell contents, acts as a selective barrier that determines what moves into and out of the cell
Cell membrane
Plays a role in communication between cells
Cell membrane
Made up of two major types of molecules
Phospholipids and Proteins
Cell membrane also contains _______ and _________
cholesterol, carbohydrates
Phospholipids form a triple layer of molecules. True or False
False - Double
Polar, phosphate-containing ends of the phospholipids are _________
hydrophilic (water-loving)
Nonpolar, fatty acid ends of the phospholipids are _________
hydrophobic (water-fearing)
Face the extra- and intracellular fluids of the cell
hydrophilic (water-loving)
Face away from the fluid on either side of the membrane
hydrophobic (water-fearing)
Center of the double layer phospholipids
hydrophobic (water-fearing)
Phospholipids are not completely stationary but are able to move. True or False
True
Double layer of phospholipids has a liquid quality. True or False
False - fluid