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AnaPhy > Chapter 11 - Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Blood acts as a major transport medium in the body. True or False

A

True

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2
Q

Enters the blood in the lungs and is carried to cells.

A

Oxygen

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3
Q

Produced by cells and is carried in the blood to the lungs.

A

Carbon dioxide

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4
Q

Normal blood pH:

A

7.35-7.45

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5
Q

Blood makes up about _____ of total body weight

A

8%

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6
Q

Plasma is ______ of total blood

A

55%

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7
Q

The plasma is composed of ___ water, __ proteins, ___ other components

A

91% water, 7% proteins, 2% other components

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8
Q

Formed elements are ___ of total blood

A

45%

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9
Q

58% of plasma proteins and Helps maintain water
balance

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Albumin

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10
Q

4% of plasma proteins and aids in clot formation

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Fibrinogen

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11
Q

38% of plasma proteins and helps the immune system

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Globulins

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12
Q

A threadlike protein that forms blood clots.

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Fibrin

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13
Q

Plasma without the clotting factors

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Serum

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14
Q

the most abundant formed elements.

CHOICES:
Fibrin, Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, Serum, Erythrocytes (RBCs)

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

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15
Q

Erythrocytes constitute nearly ____ of all the formed elements.

A

95%

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16
Q

Erythrocytes are 700 times more numerous than white blood cells and 17 times more. True or False

A

True

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17
Q

cell fragments or also known as thrombocytes

A

platelets

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18
Q

the process that produces formed elements

A

Hematopoiesis

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19
Q

In the fetus, Hematopoiesis occurs in several tissues, including the liver, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow. True or False

A

True

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20
Q

After birth, hematopoiesis is

confined primarily to red bone marrow, but some white blood cells are produced in the lymphatic tissues. True or False

A

True

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21
Q

All the formed elements of blood are derived from a single population of cells called __________, or hemocytoblasts

A

stem cells

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22
Q

Stem cells differentiate to give rise to different cell lines, each of which ends with the formation of a particular type of formed element. True or False

A

True

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23
Q

____________ determine the types of formed elements derived from the stem cells and how many formed cells are produced.

A

Growth factors

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24
Q

Increases the RBCs surface

area.

A

Biconcave shape

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25
Q

________ can bend or fold around its thin center, decreasing its size and

A

Red blood cells

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26
Q

The life span of an RBC in males are _____ and in females are ______

A

Males: 120 days
Females: 110 days

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27
Q

_________ of a red blood cell’s volume is the pigmented protein hemoglobin, which is responsible for the cell’s red color.

A

One third

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28
Q

Increased erythrocytes causes a decrease in blood oxygen levels. True or False

A

False - increase

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29
Q

__________ stimulates red bone marrow to product more erythrocytes.

A

Erythropoietin

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30
Q

Main component of erythrocytes

A

Hemoglobin

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31
Q

red pigmented molecule

A

heme

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32
Q

protein chain

A

globin

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33
Q

Each hemoglobin molecule consists of _______ chains and _______ groups

A

four protein, four heme

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34
Q

Each heme contains _______, which is necessary for the normal function of hemoglobin.

A

one iron atom

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35
Q

Hemoglobin with an oxygen attached

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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36
Q

The iron atom in a heme molecule can reversibly bind to an oxygen molecule. True or False

A

True

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37
Q

Hemoglobin that is not bound to oxygen is in a darker red color. True or False

A

True

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38
Q

______ of the oxygen transported in the blood is bound to hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells.

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

98.5%

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39
Q

_____ of oxygen is dissolved in plasma.

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

1.5%

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40
Q

_________ of the body’s iron is found in hemoglobin.

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

Two-thirds

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41
Q

Old, damaged or abnormal red blood cells are removed from the blood by _______ in the spleen and liver

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

macrophages

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42
Q

Hemoglobin is broken down in the _______ of the macrophages

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

cytoplasm

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43
Q

Globin is broken down into ______ that are reused to produce other proteins

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

amino acids

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44
Q

Iron is released from heme and is transported in the blood to the ________ to be used to produce new hemoglobin. The iron is recycled

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

red bone marrow

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45
Q

Heme molecules is
converted to _________.

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

bilirubin

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46
Q

Bilirubin is taken up by the
liver and released into the small intestine as part of ______

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

bile

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47
Q

A thin, white layer of
cells between plasma
and red blood cells

CHOICES:
Buffy coat, one-fourth, bile, cytoplasm, bilirubin, red bone marrow, amino acids , macrophages, two-thirds, 98.5%, 1.5%, 96%, 4%

A

Buffy coat

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48
Q

Spherical cells, lacks hemoglobin, contains a nucleus, and larger than erythrocytes

A

Whit blood cells or lymphocytes

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49
Q

Disk-shaped, edges are thicker than the center of the cell, and biconcave

A

Red blood cells or erythrocytes

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50
Q

White blood cells can leave the blood and travel by _________ through the tissues.

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

ameboid movement

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51
Q

The enzyme _________, found primarily inside red blood cells, catalyzes a reaction that converts carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into a hydrogen ion (H+) and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3−)

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

carbonic anhydrase

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52
Q

In this process, the cell projects a cytoplasmic extension that attaches to an object.

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

ameboid movement

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53
Q

A function of a red blood cell is to remove dead cells and debris from the tissues by __________.

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

phagocytosis

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54
Q

Containing large cytoplasmic granules

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

granulocytes

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55
Q

those with very small granules that cannot be seen easily with the light microscope

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

agranulocytes

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56
Q

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

granulocytes

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57
Q

lymphocytes and monocytes

CHOICES:
ameboid movement, carbonic anhydrase, phagocytosis, granulocytes, agranulocytes

A

agranulocytes

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58
Q

the most common type of white blood cells

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Neutrophils

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59
Q

the least common of all white blood cells

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Basophils

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60
Q

contain cytoplasmic granules that stain bright red with eosin, an acidic stain.

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Eosinophils

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61
Q

the smallest of the white blood cells

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Lymphocytes

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62
Q

Their nuclei are commonly lobed, with the number of lobes varying from two to four.

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Neutrophils

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63
Q

consists of only a thin, sometimes imperceptible ring around the nucleus

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Lymphocytes

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64
Q

contain large cytoplasmic granules that stain blue or purple with basic dyes

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Basophils

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65
Q

usually remain in the blood for a short time (10–12 hours), move into other tissues, and phagocytize microorganisms and other foreign substances

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Neutrophils

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66
Q

often have a two-lobed nucleus

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Eosinophils

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67
Q

include the production of antibodies and other chemicals

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Lymphocytes

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68
Q

have small cytoplasmic granules that stain with both acidic and basic dyes

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Neutrophils

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69
Q

involved in inflammatory responses associated with allergies and asthma.

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Eosinophils

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70
Q

After they leave the blood andenter tissues, they enlarge and become macrophages

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Monocytes

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71
Q

involved in destroying certain worm parasites.

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Eosinophils

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72
Q

the largest of the white blood cells

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Monocytes

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73
Q

release histamine and other chemicals that promote inflammation

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Basophils

74
Q

can break down phagocytized foreign substances and present the processed substances to lymphocytes, causing activation of the lymphocytes

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Monocytes

75
Q

They also release heparin, which prevents the formation of clots.

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Basophils

76
Q

Nucleus often bilobed; cytoplasmic granules stain orange-red or bright red; 11–14 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Eosinophil

77
Q

Nucleus round, kidney-shaped, or horseshoe-shaped; contains more cytoplasm than does lymphocyte; 12–20 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Monocyte

78
Q

Nucleus with two to four lobes connected by thin ts; cytoplasmic granules stain a light pink or reddish purple; 10–12 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Neutrophil

79
Q

Nucleus with two indistinct lobes; cytoplasmic granules stain blue-purple; 10–12 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Basophil

80
Q

Biconcave disk; no nucleus; contains hemoglobin, which colors the cell red; 6.5–8.5 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Red Blood Cell

81
Q

Round nucleus; cytoplasm forms a thin ring around the nucleus; 6–14 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Lymphocyte

82
Q

Cell fragment surrounded by a plasma membrane and containing granules; 2–4 μm in diameter

CHOICES:
Platelet, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Red Blood Cell

A

Platelet

83
Q

Platelets are produced in the red bone marrow from large cells called ________

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

megakaryocytes

84
Q

an immediate but temporary constriction of a blood vessel that results when smooth muscle within the wall of the vessel contracts

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

Vascular spasm

85
Q

Both of these substances stimulate vascular spasm.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

thromboxanes and endothelin

86
Q

an accumulation of platelets that can seal up a small break in a blood vessel.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

platelet plug

87
Q

stimulated by chemicals released by cells of the damaged blood vessel wall and by platelets.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

Vascular spasm

88
Q

very important in maintaining the integrity of the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system because small tears occur in the smaller vessels and capillaries many times each day.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

platelet plug

89
Q

platelets stick to the collagen exposed by blood vessel damage

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

platelet adhesion

90
Q

a protein produced and secreted by blood vessel endothelial cells

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

von Willebrand factor

91
Q

_______________ forms a bridge between collagen and platelets by binding to platelet surface receptors and collagen.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

Von Willebrand factor

92
Q

In the _____________, platelets release chemicals, such as ADP and thromboxane, which bind to their respective receptors on the surfaces of other platelets, activating the platelets.

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

platelet release reaction

93
Q

As platelets become activated, they express surface receptors called _________, which can bind to fibrinogen, a plasma protein

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

fibrinogen receptors

94
Q

In __________, fibrinogen forms bridges between the fibrinogen receptors of numerous platelets, resulting in a platelet plug

CHOICES:
megakaryocytes, Vascular spasm, thromboxanes, endothelin, platelet plug, platelet adhesion, von Willebrand factor, platelet release reaction, fibrinogen receptors, platelet aggregation

A

platelet aggregation

95
Q

platelet plug formation is a sample of negative feedback. True or False

A

False - positive

96
Q

a network of fibrin that traps blood cells, platelets, and fluid.

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

clot

97
Q

threadlike protein fibers

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

fibrin

98
Q

The formation of a blood clot depends on a number of proteins found within plasma

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

clotting factors

99
Q

After the initial clotting factors are activated, they in turn activate other clotting factors. True or False

A

True

100
Q

chemicals, such as ______, are released from injured tissues, causing activation of clotting factors

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

thromboplastin

101
Q

A series of reactions results in which each clotting factor activates the next until the clotting factor __________ , or prothrombin activator, is formed

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

prothrombinase

102
Q

Prothrombinase converts an inactive clotting factor called _________ to its active form, thrombin

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

prothrombin

103
Q

Thrombin converts the plasma protein ________ to fibrin

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

fibrinogen

104
Q

Most clotting factors are manufactured in the _____, and many of them require vitamin K for their synthesis.

CHOICES:
clot, fibrin, clotting factors, fibrinogen, thromboplastin, prothrombinase, prothrombin, liver, spleen, kidney

A

liver

105
Q

many of the chemical reactions of clot formation require K+. True or False

A

False - Ca2+

106
Q

Most of the clotting factors requires vitamin K for synthesis. True or False

A

True

107
Q

prevent clotting factors from forming clots under normal conditions

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

anticoagulants

108
Q

a blood clot that forms in a vessel and remains there

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

thrombus

109
Q

A thrombus that breaks loose and begins to float through the circulation is called an _____

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

embolus

110
Q

__________ prevents clot formation by suppressing the liver’s production of vitamin K–dependent clotting factors

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

Warfarin

111
Q

After a clot has formed, it begins to condense into a more compact structure through a process known as __________

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

clot retraction

112
Q

Process of dissolving clot

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

Fibrinolysis

113
Q

Serum in plasma is squeezed out of clot

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

clot retraction

114
Q

breakdown clot

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

Plasminogen

115
Q

Helps enchance healing

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

clot retraction

116
Q

a bacterial enzyme, and t-PA, produced through genetic engineering, have been used successfully to dissolve clots.

CHOICES:
anticoagulants, thrombus, embolus, Warfarin, Coumadin, clot retraction, Fibrinolysis, Plasminogen, Streptokinase

A

Streptokinase

117
Q

the introduction of a fluid other than blood, such as a saline or glucose solution, into the blood

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

infusion

118
Q

the transfer of blood or blood components from one individual to another

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

transfusion

119
Q

caused by interactions between antigens and antibodies

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

transfusion reactions

120
Q

the surfaces of red blood cells have molecules called _____-

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

antigens

121
Q

the plasma includes proteins called _________

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

antibodies

122
Q

clumping of the cells

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

agglutination

123
Q

The combination of the antibodies with the antigens can also initiate reactions that cause __________ or rupture of the red blood cells

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

hemolysis

124
Q

system is used to categorize human blood

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

ABO blood group

125
Q

Person who gives the
blood

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

Donor

126
Q

Person who receives the blood

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

Recipient

127
Q

Antigens on the surface
of red blood cells have been categorized into blood groups.

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

blood group

128
Q

Binds to specific
antigens that forms a molecular bridge that connect the red blood cell together

CHOICES:
hemolysis, transfusion, infusion, antigens, antibodies, transfusion reactions, agglutination, ABO blood group, Donor, Recipient, blood group, antibodies

A

antibodies

129
Q

Has both Type A and B antigen present

A

Blood type AB

130
Q

Type B antigen

A

Blood type B

131
Q

Type A antigen

A

Blood type A

132
Q

Has no Type A or B

antigen present

A

Blood type O

133
Q

No antibodies

A

Blood type AB

134
Q

Anti-A and Anti- B antibodies

A

Blood type O

135
Q

Anti-A

antibodies

A

Blood type B

136
Q

Anti-B

antibodies

A

Blood type A

137
Q

Antibodies against the antigens are usually present in the plasma of the blood. True or False

A

True

138
Q

Anti-A or Anti-B antibodies are present in the blood even without exposure to antigens on foreign red blood cells. True or False

A

True

139
Q

Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies are not found in the blood until about _______ after birth

A

2 months

140
Q

Contains certain Rh antigens on the surface of red blood cells

A

Rh positive

141
Q

No Rh antigens present

A

Rh negative

142
Q

Antibodies against the Rh antigens do not develop unless an Rh-negative person is exposed to Rh-positive red blood cells. True or False

A

True

143
Q

blood disorder that occurs when the blood types of a mother and baby are incompatible

A

hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), or erythroblastosis fetalis

144
Q

HDN can be fatal to the fetus. True or False

A

True

145
Q

This treatment inactivates the fetal Rh antigens and prevents sensitization of the mother.

A

Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM)

146
Q

determines the ABO and Rh blood groups of a blood sample

A

Blood typing

147
Q

__________ during the typing procedure identifies the antigens on the red blood cells

A

Agglutination

148
Q

In a _________, the donor’s blood cells are mixed with the recipient’s serum, and the donor’s serum is mixed with the recipient’s cells.

A

crossmatch

149
Q

an analysis of blood that pro- vides much useful information

A

complete blood count (CBC)

150
Q

Usually performed electronically with a machine by can be done manually with a microscope.

A

Red Blood Cell Count

151
Q

Normal red blood cell count for males

A

4.6-6.2 million red blood cells per microliter of blood

152
Q

Normal red blood cell count for females

A

4.2-5.4 million red blood cells per microliter of blood

153
Q

One drop of blood is approximately _________

A

50 microliter

154
Q

A condition that causes an overabundance of red blood cells that leads to an increased blood viscosity, reduced flow rates, and if severe, plugged capillaries

A

Erythrocytosis

155
Q

An intentional process that serves to increase the nuber of cir

A

Blood doping

156
Q

Expressed in grams of hemoglobin per 100 mL of blood

A

Hemoglobin measurement

157
Q

Normal hemoglobin measurement in males

A

14-18 grams per 100 mL of blood

158
Q

Normal hemoglobin measurement in females

A

12-16 grams per 100 mL of blood

159
Q

Abnormally low

hemoglobin measurement

A

Anemia

160
Q

The percentage of the total blood volume that is composed of red blood cells

A

hematocrit measurement

161
Q

Normal hematocrit measurement for males

A

40-52% of total blood volume

162
Q

Normal hematocrit measurement for females

A

38-48% of total blood volume

163
Q

The average size of a red blood cell is calculated by dividing the hematocrit by the red blood cell count. True or False

A

True

164
Q

Measure the total number of white blood cells in the blood

A

White blood cell count

165
Q

Normal WBC count

A

5000- 9000 per microliter of blood

166
Q

Below the normal
amount of white blood cells that results from decreased production or destruction of the red marrow

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukopenia

167
Q

An abnormally high
amount of White blood
cells

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukocytosis

168
Q

Production of immature or abnormal WBC as they lack normal immunological functions

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukemia

169
Q

Caused by bacterial
infections by stimulating neutrophils to increase
in number

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukocytosis

170
Q

Type of cancer in the red marrow
characterized by an abnormal production of one or more of white blood cell types, can cause leukocytosis.

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukemia

171
Q

Caused by radiation, drugs, tumors, viral infections or a deficiency of the the vitamins folate or B12

CHOICES:
Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Leukemia

A

Leukopenia

172
Q

Determines the percentage of each of the five kinds of white blood cells.

A

Differential white blood cell count

173
Q

Normal percentage of Neutrophils

A

60-70%

174
Q

Normal percentage of Lymphocytes

A

20-25%

175
Q

Normal percentage of Monocytes

A

3-8%

176
Q

Normal percentage of Eosinophils

A

2-4%

177
Q

Normal percentage of Basophils

A

0.5-1%

178
Q

Normal platelet count

A

250,00- 400,00 platelets per microliter of blood

179
Q

Decreased platelet

count that results in chronic bleeding trhough small vessels and capillaries.

A

Thrombocytopenia

180
Q

Calculates how long it takes for the blood to start clotting, which is normally 9-12 seconds.

A

Prothtombin time measurement

181
Q

Increase in prothrombin time can be caused by the deficiency of Vitamin K, certain liver diseases, and drug therapy. True or False

A

True

182
Q

Composition of material dissolved or suspended in the plasma can be used to assess the function of many body systems.

A

Blood Chemistry

AnaPhy (18 decks)

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