chapter 3 bones Flashcards
what are fiberous tissues
has thin layer of fibrous periosteum b/n the bones
3 types of Fibrous Joints:
Synarthrosis
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
what is synarthrosis and function
its a fibrous joint and Suture joint
Ends interlock
No motion
Provides shape & strength
Example = skull sutures
the function of the cartilaginous joint
has hyaline cartilage or fribrocartilage b/n the bones, Slight movement , Provide stability
Absorb shock
what is syndemosis and function
Ligament joint
Very little to no motion
Provides shape & strength like between the fibula and tiba
what are joint made of
Fibrous tissue layer
Synovial membrane
define non axial
Movement is usually linear instead of angular
Gliding Motion, Accessory Motion only
examples of unaxial joint
the hinge joint and pivot joint only one motion in one plane
what are the two surfaces of biaxial
condyloid and sellar
define condyloid
Concave surface slides over a convex surface
define sellar
Each surface convex in one plane & concave in the other
what does sagittal plane mean
Divides body into right/left
Flex/ext occur in sagittal plane
what does frontal plane mean
Divides body into anterior/posterior
Abduction/adduction occur in frontal plane
what does the traverse plane mean
Divides body into superior/inferior
I/R & E/R occur in transverse plane
sagittal axis direction
runs from front to back
frontal axis direction
runs from side to side
Vertical/ Longitudinal Axis direction
runs from top to bottom
the main function of the capsular ligaments
Surround a joint
hold together the 2 bones that make up a joint
Made up of fibrous connective tissue
Provide attachments for cartilage, fascia, and sometimes muscles
Flexible to allow motion, but NOT elastic to ensure bones say close to each other
Prevent excessive joint movement
what does the outer layer do of the joint capsule
made of fibrous tissue
Provides support & protection to joint
Reinforced by ligaments
what does the inner layer of the joint capsule do
Lined with synovial membrane
Synovial membrane is thick, vascular connective tissue
Synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid
Synovial fluid lubricates the articular cartilage & decreases friction to allow joint motion; also provides some shock absorption
what are the three types of cartilages
Hyaline/Articular Cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Elastic
the function of the elastic cartilages
Designed to maintain shape of structure i.e. ear
the function of hyaline cartilage
Covers ends of bones; No blood or nerve supply – gets all nutrition from synovial fluid
the fibrocartilage how it works?
Shock absorber
the meaning of sprain?
partial or complete tearing of fibers of a ligament
the meaning of strain?
overstretching of muscle fibers
subluxation meaning?
partial dislocation of a joint
what does the tendon sheaths do ?
fibrous sleeves that surround a tendon which would experience pressure or friction as it passes through muscles or bone
what is the linea alba?
aponeurosis that attaches the right and left abdominal muscles in the midline of the anterior trunk
what does tenosynethsis?
inflammation of tendon sheath
what does synovitis?
inflammation of synovial membrane
