chapter 19 ankle ligaments and more Flashcards
Ankle Joint Capsule define
thin anteriorly and posteriorly
medially what ligaments Is it?
Deltoid ligament
what are the lateral ligaments
Anterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament
what are the function of medial ligament
Spreads out into four parts
Strengthens medial side of the ankle
Holds calcaneus & navicular against the talus
Helps to maintain medial longitudinal arch
names the ligaments on the medial side
posterior tibiotalar,
anterior tibiotalar,
tibionavicular,
tibiocancalneal, sustenaculum
what are the 3 parts of lateral ligaments and function
Three Parts
Anterior talofibular – weak (C)
Calcaneofibular – long and fairly vertical (B)
Posterior talofibular –stronger (A)
function -
Provides lateral stability
Often injured
what are the attachments of lateral ligaments
Lateral malleolus
Talus and calcaneous
what is the function of Plantar Aponeurosis
Runs from: Calcaneus to Proximal phalanges
Helps to support the lateral longitudinal arch
Acts as a “tie rod”
Keeps posterior from separating from anterior
what is the function of short plantar ligaments
Attaches to: Calcaneus to Cuboid
Helps to support the lateral longitudinal arch
what is the function of long plantar ligaments
Longest of the tarsal ligaments
More superficial than the spring ligament
Attaches to: Calcaneus to Runs forward to the cuboid and bases of metatarsals 3-5
Supports the lateral longitudinal arch
define the transverse arch
Runs from side to side
Through three cuneiforms To the cuboid
Second cuneiform
Keystone of this arch
what is the function of spring(cancaneonavicular)
Attaches to: Calcaneus to Runs forward to the navicular
Short, wide, and most important
Supports the medial side of the longitudinal arch
How are the arches maintained?
- Shape of the bones and their relation to each other
- Plantar ligaments and aponeurosis
- Muscles
define the Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Runs from Calcaneus anteriorly
Through the cuboid To metatarsals 4 and 5
Rests on the ground during weight bearing
what is the medial border of medial longitudinal arch
From calcaneus
Through talus, navicular, and three cuneiforms
To metatarsals 1-3
what part of the bone is the keystone and weight bearing of medial longitudinal arch
talus
normally medial longitudinal arch define
Depresses during weight-bearing
Recoils when weight removed
arches Foot must be able to?
Absorb shock
Adjust to changes in terrain
Propel the body forward
what Bones of foot arranged in arches
base of calcaneus to heads of the 1st and 5th metatarsals
which MTP is most mobile and the degrees of flex and exten
the first MTP
Flexion - 45 degrees
Extension - 70 degrees
what are the degrees of the four lesser toes MTP
Flexion - 40 degrees
Extension - 40 degrees
define the traverse tarsals/ midtarsals joint
Consists of:
Anterior talus and calcaneus
Posterior navicular and cuboid
Little motion
Combination movements of pronation and supination
what is the point of reference of MTP
2nd
Abducts medially and laterally
Adducts only as a return from Abduction
define the Subtalar Joint / Talocalcaneal Joint
Consists of: Inferior surface of talus Superior surface of calcaneus
Inseparable from the transverse tarsal joint
Primarily gliding motion
Inversion & eversion
