chapter 19 ankle ligaments and more

Question 1

Ankle Joint Capsule define

Answer 1

thin anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 2

medially what ligaments Is it?

Answer 2

Deltoid ligament

Question 3

what are the lateral ligaments

Answer 3

Anterior talofibular ligament

Calcaneofibular ligament

Posterior talofibular ligament

Question 4

what are the function of medial ligament

Answer 4

Spreads out into four parts

Strengthens medial side of the ankle

Holds calcaneus & navicular against the talus

Helps to maintain medial longitudinal arch

Question 5

names the ligaments on the medial side

Answer 5

posterior tibiotalar,
anterior tibiotalar,
tibionavicular,
tibiocancalneal, sustenaculum

Question 6

what are the 3 parts of lateral ligaments and function

Answer 6

Three Parts
Anterior talofibular – weak (C)

Calcaneofibular – long and fairly vertical (B)

Posterior talofibular –stronger (A)

function -
Provides lateral stability
Often injured

Question 7

what are the attachments of lateral ligaments

Answer 7

Lateral malleolus
Talus and calcaneous

Question 8

what is the function of Plantar Aponeurosis

Answer 8

Runs from: Calcaneus to Proximal phalanges

Helps to support the lateral longitudinal arch
Acts as a “tie rod”

Keeps posterior from separating from anterior

Question 9

what is the function of short plantar ligaments

Answer 9

Attaches to: Calcaneus to Cuboid
Helps to support the lateral longitudinal arch

Question 10

what is the function of long plantar ligaments

Answer 10

Longest of the tarsal ligaments

More superficial than the spring ligament

Attaches to: Calcaneus to Runs forward to the cuboid and bases of metatarsals 3-5

Supports the lateral longitudinal arch

Question 11

define the transverse arch

Answer 11

Runs from side to side
Through three cuneiforms To the cuboid

Second cuneiform
Keystone of this arch

Question 11

what is the function of spring(cancaneonavicular)

Answer 11

Attaches to: Calcaneus to Runs forward to the navicular

Short, wide, and most important

Supports the medial side of the longitudinal arch

Question 12

How are the arches maintained?

Answer 12

1. Shape of the bones and their relation to each other
2. Plantar ligaments and aponeurosis
3. Muscles

Question 13

define the Lateral Longitudinal Arch

Answer 13

Runs from Calcaneus anteriorly
Through the cuboid To metatarsals 4 and 5

Rests on the ground during weight bearing

Question 14

what is the medial border of medial longitudinal arch

Answer 14

From calcaneus

Through talus, navicular, and three cuneiforms

To metatarsals 1-3

Question 15

what part of the bone is the keystone and weight bearing of medial longitudinal arch

Answer 15

talus

Question 16

normally medial longitudinal arch define

Answer 16

Depresses during weight-bearing
Recoils when weight removed

Question 17

arches Foot must be able to?

Answer 17

Absorb shock
Adjust to changes in terrain
Propel the body forward

Question 18

what Bones of foot arranged in arches

Answer 18

base of calcaneus to heads of the 1st and 5th metatarsals

Question 19

which MTP is most mobile and the degrees of flex and exten

Answer 19

the first MTP
Flexion - 45 degrees
Extension - 70 degrees

Question 20

what are the degrees of the four lesser toes MTP

Answer 20

Flexion - 40 degrees
Extension - 40 degrees

Question 21

define the traverse tarsals/ midtarsals joint

Answer 21

Consists of:
Anterior talus and calcaneus
Posterior navicular and cuboid

Little motion
Combination movements of pronation and supination

Question 22

what is the point of reference of MTP

Answer 22

2nd

Abducts medially and laterally
Adducts only as a return from Abduction

Question 23

define the Subtalar Joint
/ Talocalcaneal Joint

Answer 23

Consists of: Inferior surface of talus Superior surface of calcaneus

Inseparable from the transverse tarsal joint

Primarily gliding motion

Inversion & eversion

Question 24

define the Ankle Joint
/Talocrural/Talotibial

Answer 24

Tenon and mortise joint/ hinge joint

Synovial

Uniaxial