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NSCA CSCS Flashcards > Chapter 3 - Bioenergetics of Exercise and Training > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Bioenergetics of Exercise and Training Flashcards

1
Q

Energy-releasing reactions that are generally catabolic

A

Exergonic Reactions

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2
Q

Require energy and include anabolic processes and the contraction of the muscle.

A

Endergonic reactions

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3
Q

The total of all the catabolic or exergonic and anabolic or endergonic reactions in a biological system.

A

Metabolism

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4
Q

Allows the the transfer of energy from exergonic to endergonic reactions.

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

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5
Q

The chemical structure of adenosine:

A

Adenine + Ribose

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6
Q

The chemical structure of an ATP molecule:

A

Adenosine and Triphosphate Group

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7
Q

The hydrolysis of ATP:

A

Breaks the terminal phosphate bond, releases energy and leaves ADP, inorganic phosphate (Pi), and a hydrogen ion (H+)

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8
Q

The hydrolysis of ADP:

A

Breaks the terminal phosphate bond, releases energy, and leaves AMP, Pi, and H+

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9
Q

Glycolysis from one molecule of blood glucose yields a net of ____ ATP.

A

Two

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10
Q

Glycolysis from muscle glycogen yields a net of ____ ATP molecules.

A

Three

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11
Q

Glycolysis is stimulated by:

A
  • ↑ ADP
  • ↑ Pi
  • ↑ Ammonia
  • ↓ pH
  • ↓ AMP
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12
Q

Glycolysis is inhibited by:

A
  • ↓↓ pH
  • ↓ ATP
  • ↓ CP
  • ↓ Citrate
  • ↓ Free Fatty Acids
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13
Q

Rate Limiting Enzymes of Glycolysis:

A
  • Hexokinase
  • Phosphofructokinase
  • Pyruvate Kinase
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14
Q

True/False

Lactate threshold is used as a marker of anaerobic threshold.

A

True

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15
Q

The exercise intensity or relative intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above the baseline concentration.

A

Lactate Threshold

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16
Q

The lactate threshold begins at ____% to _____% of maximal oxygen uptake in untrained individuals.

A

50-60%

17
Q

The lactate threshold begins at ____% to _____% of maximal oxygen uptake in trained athletes.

A

70-80%

18
Q

The second increase in the rate of lactate accumulation.

A

Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation

19
Q

OBLA occurs at _______ relative intensities.

A

Higher

20
Q

OBLA occurs when the concentration of blood lactate reaches ___ mmol/L.

A

4

21
Q

During protein oxidation, protein is broken down into amino acids and amino acids are converted into: (3)

A
  • Glucose
  • Pyruvate
  • Various Krebs cycle intermediates
22
Q

The rate of the Krebs cycle is reduced if ____ and ____ are not available in sufficient quantities to accept H+.

A

NAD+ and FAD2+

23
Q

The electron transport chain is stimulated by ____ and inhibited by _____.

A

ADP; ATP

24
Q

Effect of event duration and intensity on primary energy system used:

0-6 Seconds

A

Extremely high intensity, Phosphagen

25
Q

Effect of event duration and intensity on primary energy system used:

6-30 Seconds

A

Very high intensity, phosphagen and fast glycolysis

26
Q

Effect of event duration and intensity on primary energy system used:

30 Seconds - 2 Minutes

A

High Intensity; Fast Glycolysis

27
Q

Effect of event duration and intensity on primary energy system used:

2-3 Minutes

A

Moderate Intensity; Fast Glycolysis and Oxidative System

28
Q

Effect of event duration and intensity on primary energy system used:

> 3 Minutes

A

Low Intensity; Oxidative System

29
Q

Ranking of Rate of ATP Production

Phosphagen

Fast Glycolysis

Slow Glycolysis

Oxidation of CHO

Oxidation of Fats/Protein

A

Phosphagen - 1

Fast Glycolysis - 2

Slow Glycolysis - 3

Oxidation of CHO - 4

Oxidation of Fats/Protein - 5

30
Q

Ranking of Capacity of ATP Production

Phosphagen

Fast Glycolysis

Slow Glycolysis

Oxidation of CHO

Oxidation of Fats/Protein

A

Phosphagen - 5

Fast Glycolysis - 4

Slow Glycolysis - 3

Oxidation of CHO - 2

Oxidation of Fats/Protein - 1

31
Q

The extent to which each of the three energy systems contributes to ATP production depends primarily on the _______ of muscular activity and secondarily on the ________.

A

Intensity; Duration

32
Q

What are the factors responsible for Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption?

A
  • Replenishment of oxygen in blood andmuscle.
  • ATP/CP resynthesis
  • Increased body temperature, circulation, and ventilation
  • Increased rate of triglyceride-fatty acid cycling
  • Increased protein turnover
  • Changes in energy efficiency during recovery
33
Q

Work to Rest: Phosphagen

A

1:12-1:20

34
Q

Work to Rest: Fast Glycolysis

A

1:3-1:5

35
Q

Work to Rest: Fast Glycolysis and Oxidative

A

1:3-1:4

36
Q

Work to Rest: Oxiative

A

1:1-1:3

37
Q
A

NSCA CSCS Flashcards (16 decks)

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