Chapter 3: Bioenergetics Flashcards

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1
Q

Bioenergetics

A

The energy pathways of metabolism. (NSCA CPT, pg. 47)

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2
Q

Catabolic

A

The breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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3
Q

Anabolic

A

Referring to the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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4
Q

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A

The universal energy-carrying molecule manufactured in all living cells as a means of capturing and storing energy. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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5
Q

Phosphagen System

A

The simplest set of chemical reactions needed to produce ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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6
Q

Glycolysis

A

A series of reactions used to produce ATP that utilize only glucose or glycogen as the energy source. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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7
Q

Oxidative System

A

The group of chemical reactions used to produce ATP via aerobic means with a variety of energy sources. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

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8
Q

Pyruvate

A

A precursor of lactate during the final steps of glycolysis. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

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9
Q

Rate-limiting Step

A

The slowest reaction in a series of reactions. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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10
Q

Lactate

A

An end product of glycolysis; most common marker of increased anaerobic metabolism during exercise. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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11
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

The formation of glucose from lactate and noncarbohydrate sources. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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12
Q

Cori Cycle

A

A gluconeogenic process, taking place in the liver, in which lactate is converted to glucose. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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13
Q

Lactate Threshold

A

The exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above the baseline concentration. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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14
Q

Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA)

A

The point at which blood lactate concentrations reach 4 mmol/L during exercise of increasing intensity. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

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15
Q

Krebs Cycle

A

A series of reactions used to produce ATP, indirectly, that utilize carbohydrate, fat, or protein as an energy source after their modification to acetyl-CoA. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

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16
Q

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

A

A series of oxidative reactions that rephosphorylate ADP to ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

17
Q

Beta Oxidation

A

A series of reactions that modify fatty acids into acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the Krebs cycle to produce ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

18
Q

Glycogenolysis

A

The breakdown of glycogen. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

19
Q

Oxygen Deficit

A

The difference between the amount of oxygen required for exercise and the amount of oxygen actually consumed during exercise. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

20
Q

Oxygen Debt

A

The oxygen uptake above resting values used to restore the body to the preexercise condition; also termed EPOC. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

21
Q

Glycogen

A

The stored form of glucose. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

22
Q

Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)

A

The oxygen uptake above resting values used to restore the body to the preexercise condition; also termed oxygen debt. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

23
Q

Creatine Kinase

A

The main regulator of the breakdown of creatine phosphate. Needed in the phosphagen system. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

24
Q

Energy Yield of Glycolysis with glucose

A

Net of 2 ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

25
Q

Energy yield of Glycolysis with glycogen

A

Net of 3 ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)