Chapter 22: Clients With Spinal Cord Injury, Multiple Sclerosis, Epilepsy, and Cerebral Palsy Flashcards

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1
Q

Spinal Cord Injury

A

Results in the impairment or loss of motor function, sensory function, or both in the trunk or limbs due to irreversible damage to neural tissues within the spinal canal. (NSCA CPT, pg. 584)

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2
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso. (NSCA CPT, pg. 584)

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3
Q

Paraplegia

A

An impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. (NSCA CPT, pg. 584)

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4
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia

A

A potentially dangerous and, in rare cases, lethal clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury, resulting in acute, uncontrolled hypertension. (NSCA CPT, pg. 584)

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5
Q

Bradychardia

A

Low heart rate. (NSCA CPT, pg. 584)

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6
Q

Forced Vital Capacity

A

Total volume of air forcefully exhaled. (NSCA CPT, pg. 588)

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7
Q

Spasticity

A

A state of increased tonus of a muscle characterized by heightened deep tendon reflexes. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

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8
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

An immune-mediated (autoimmune) disorder that occurs in genetically susceptible persons. (NSCA CPT, pg. 589)

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9
Q

Dystonic Spasms

A

Brief, recurring, painful posturing of one or more limbs. (NSCA CPT, pg. 590)

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10
Q

Epilepsy

A

Defined medically as two or more unprovoked, recurring seizures. (NSCA CPT, pg. 594)

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11
Q

Seizure

A

An uncontrolled, paroxysmal electrical discharge within any part of the brain that causes physical or mental symptoms and may or may not be associated with convulsions. (NSCA CPT, pg. 594)

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12
Q

Status Epilepticus

A

Defined as a seizure lasting more than 30 minutes or a series of seizures that occur so frequently that consciousness is not restored. (NSCA CPT, pg. 594)

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13
Q

Postictal State

A

The period immediately after the seizure(NSCA CPT, pg. 597)

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14
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A

A term used to describe a group of chronic musculoskeletal deficits causing impaired body movement and muscle coordination. (NSCA CPT, pg. 597)

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15
Q

Apraxia

A

Inability to perform coordinated voluntary gross and fine motor skills. (NSCA CPT, pg. 5

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16
Q

Ataxia

A

Uncoordinated voluntary movements; clients with ataxia often have a wide-based gait with genu recurvatum or “hyperextended knee” and may exhibit mild intention tremors. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

17
Q

Athetosis

A

Slow, writhing, contortion-like motions of the appendicular musculature. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

18
Q

Chorea

A

State of excessive, spontaneous movements, irregularly timed, that are nonrepetitive and abrupt; client is unable to maintain voluntary muscle contractions. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

19
Q

Dyskinesis

A

Impairment of voluntary movement resulting in incomplete movements. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

20
Q

Dystonia

A

Sustained muscle contractions that result in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal posture. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)

21
Q

Myoclonus

A

Shock-like synchronous or asynchronous contractions of a portion of a muscle, an entire muscle, or a group of muscles. (NSCA CPT, pg. 598)