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OL 109 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Sensation

A

Describes how our sense pick up information from the environment and translate them into messages our brain can comprehend

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2
Q

Perception

A

The process of assigning meaning to information we receive from our senses.

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3
Q

What are the steps in the perception process?

A
  1. Selection
  2. Organization
  3. Interpretation
  4. Negotiation
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4
Q
  1. Selection
A

Choosing which data we will attention

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5
Q

factors of selection

A
  • Intensity
  • Repetition
  • Contrast or Change
  • Motives
  • Emotional State
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6
Q
  1. Organization
A

Arranging data in a meaningful way

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7
Q

types of schemas

A
  • physical
  • role-based
  • interaction-based
  • psychological
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8
Q

Punctuation

A

The determination of causes and effects in a series of interactions

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9
Q
  1. Interpretation
A

Attaching meaning to sense data

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10
Q

Relational Satifaction

A

A behaviour can seem positive or negative based on the type of relationship you have with the other person.

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11
Q

Expectation

A

You interpret other’s behaviours as positive or negative based on how you expect them to act.

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12
Q

Personal Experience

A

What meanings similar events have

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13
Q
  1. Negotiation
A

The process by which communicators influence one another’s perceptions

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14
Q

Narratives

A

Stories we use to describe our personal world

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15
Q

Influences on perception

A
  • Access to information
  • Physiological influences
  • Psychological influences
  • Social influences
  • cultural Influences
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16
Q

Physiological Influences

A
  • Age
  • Health and Fatigue
  • Hunger
  • Biological Cycles
  • Neurological differences
17
Q

Standpoint Theory

A

A theory that describes how a person’s position in the world shapes their view of society in general and of specific individuals.

18
Q

Power Distance

A

The degree to which memebrs of a society accept and unequal distribution of power

19
Q

uncertainty avoidance

A

The degree to which members of a culture feel threatened by or uncomfortable in ambiguous situations and how my they try to avoid them.

20
Q

Acheivement Culture

A

Societies that place a high value on material success and a focus on the task at hand

21
Q

Nurturing Culture

A

Societies that regard the support of relationship as an especially important goal

22
Q

Attribution

A

The process of attaching meaning to behaviour

23
Q

Characteristics of Stereotypes

A
  • Characterizing others on unimportant characteristics
  • Ascribing a set of characteristics to all members of a group
  • applying generalizations to a particular individual
24
Q

Primary Effect

A

Our tendency to pay attention to and remember things that happened first in a sequence

25
Q

Halo Effect

A

The tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person based on a single positive characteristic. Often based on attractiveness

26
Q

Horns effect

A

A negative appraisal adverslely influences perceptions that follow

27
Q

Confirmation bias

A

The tendency to seek out, remember and organize our impressions to support that opinion.

28
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

the tendency to give more weight to personal qualities than to the situation when making attributions

29
Q

Tendencies in Perception

A
  • We Make snap judgements
  • cling to first impressions
  • Judge ourselves more charitably than others
  • Influenced by our expectations
  • Influenced by the obvious
  • We assume others are similar to us
30
Q

Perception checking

A
  • Description of the behaviour
  • Two + possible interpretations of the behaviour
  • A request for clarification about how to interpret the behaviour
31
Q

Empathy

A

The abiity to recreate another person’s perspective and to experience the world from their point of view.

32
Q

Dimensions of Empathy

A
  1. Perspective Taking
  2. Emotional Contagion
  3. Genuine Concern
33
Q

Perspective taking

A

the ability to take on the viewpoint of another person

34
Q

Emotional Contagion

A

Experiencing the same feelings that others have

35
Q

Genuine Concern

A

Having a sincere interest in another’s well being.

36
Q

Requirements for Emapthy

A
  • Open-mindedness
  • Imagination
  • Commitment
37
Q

Open-mindedness

A

To set aside your own believe, attitudes and values and to consider those of the other person. People confuse understanding and accepting.

38
Q

Imagination

A

Being able to picture another person’s background and thoughts

39
Q

Commitment

A

The sincere desire to understand another person.

OL 109 (10 decks)

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