CHAPTER 3

Question 1

to be broken

Answer 1

고장나다

Question 2

to play

to hangout

Answer 2

놀다

Question 3

to comeback

to return

Answer 3

돌아오다

Question 4

to leave

Answer 4

떠나다

Question 5

to do laundry

Answer 5

빨래하다

Question 6

to run a business

Answer 6

사업하다

Question 7

to organize

to clean up

Answer 7

정리하다

‘정리하다’ can translate many way. you have to understand in context.
‘정리하다’ means
organize, arrange, clean up, put together, remove, break up

Question 8

snack

Answer 8

간신

refreshments for breaktime = 간식
과자 = snack, cookies, chips

과자 Snack foods like cookies, crackers, biscuits etc
간식 Something you eat btw meals. E.g. If you eat something btw your lunch and dinner, and if you wouldn’t count it as a meal, then you can call it a 간식
간: btw
식: meal

you can eat 과자 as a 간식

Question 9

broadcasting station

Answer 9

방송국

Question 10

to be traffic

Answer 10

길이 막히다

길이 막히다 is the road is blocked. Most of the time it’s used to describe traffic jams. You can also use it if there’s something literally blocking your path, like construction.

ex) 교통이 나쁘다: the place is hard to reach on bus/subway/car ect.. becasue there is hardly one of them or because of conditions of road.

길이 막히다 is only used when actual road is full of vehicle so you couldnt go fast.

Question 11

to pass by

Answer 11

지나다

한강대교를 지나다
pass the han river bridge

Question 12

to pass

to pass by

Answer 12

지나다

이 건물을 지나면 내 집이 있어요.
if you pass this building, you can see my home

Question 13

to stretch

Answer 13

스트레칭하다

Question 14

to wash

Answer 14

씻다

Question 15

to greet

Answer 15

인사하다

Question 16

to be important

Answer 16

중요하다

Question 17

to be clean

Answer 17

깨끗하다

Question 18

various
several
many kinds of

Answer 18

여러 가지

여러: various/many
여러가지: various/several/many kinds of

여러가지 방법이 있다: there are several methods.

그는 여러가지를 시도했다: he tried several things.

Firstly, we don’t use 여러가지 for people.
For example, 여러가지 사람 is rude expression. it sounds like racism or something like that.

but we use 여러 for either 사람 or 물건

여러 사람 means 'many people'
여러 나라 means 'many countries'
여러모로 means 'in various ways'
여러 영화 means 'many movies'
etc

and 여러가지 include types of things

For example
여러가지 컴퓨터 means ‘various types of computer.’

여러가지 운동 means ‘various type of sports

Question 19

always

Answer 19

언젠나

The words “항상” and “언제나” can be used interchangeably.
For your reference, 항상 is Sino-Korean and 언제나 is pure Korean vocabulary

언제나 has more of a meaning of something that is continuous; there is not a time when it is not happening.

Ex. 그녀가 언제나 예뻐요. She is always pretty.

항상 has more of a meaning of something that happens repeatedly.

Ex. 항상 도서관에서 공부해요. I always study in the library.

언제나 같군요.
① Same as usual.
② Same as always.
③ About the same

WHICH IS COMMONLY USED IN CONVERSATIONAL KOREAN?

항상 and 언제나 are both very commonly used, but Google search returns about 100M hits for 항상 and 50M for 언제나, so maybe 항상 is used more.

There are of course many cases where one works better (or appropriate, I guess) than the other. For example, the movie and song title “Always A Stranger” sounds much better as 언제나 타인, than 항상 타인, although it’s hard to explain why - probably just an established usage, I guess.

Question 20

often

Answer 20

자주

Question 21

always

Answer 21

항상

There is really no distinction between 항상 and 언제나. However, I wanna give you a bit of their background :

✔항상 is a hanja (Chinese characters) word (항 = continual, perpetual, 상 = usual, normal)

✔ 언제나 is a native Korean word (언제 = when, a time, 나 = a suffix emphasizing or extending the meaning).

✔ There is also 늘, another native Korean word with similar meaning.

👉 항상, 언제나 and 늘 can be used interchangeably but I would say 늘 has a slightly weaker feel than the other two.

WHICH IS COMMONLY USED IN CONVERSATIONAL KOREAN?

항상 and 언제나 are both very commonly used, but Google search returns about 100M hits for 항상 and 50M for 언제나, so maybe 항상 is used more.

There are of course many cases where one works better (or appropriate, I guess) than the other. For example, the movie and song title “Always A Stranger” sounds much better as 언제나 타인, than 항상 타인, although it’s hard to explain why - probably just an established usage, I guess.
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖
Sample sentences are always the best way to help us understand when it’s appropriate to use one over the other.

🔖EXAMPLES OF 항상

항상 도서관에서 공부해요.
I always study in the library.

그는 수업에 항상 늦는다.
He is always late for class.

난 토요일에는 항상 영화를 보러 간다.
I always go to a movie on Saturdays.

저는 항상 아침을 안 먹어요.
I never have breakfast.

🔖EXAMPLES OF 언제나

언제나 당신을 생각하고 있어요.
I think about you all the time.

당신은 언제나 환영입니다.
You are always welcome.

그녀가 언제나 예뻐요.
She is always pretty.

아침엔 언제나 7시쯤에 일어납니다.
I always get up around seven in the morning.

언제나 당신의 곁에 있고 싶어요.
① I wanna be with you always.
② I always want to be by your side.

언제나 같군요.
① Same as usual.
② Same as always.
③ About the same.

일본에 언제나 가 볼 수 있을까?
When will I ever be able to visit Japan?

🔖EXAMPLES OF 늘

부모는 늘 자식 걱정을 한다
Parents worry about their children the whole time.

그녀는 늘 아들 편만 든다
She always (all the time) sides with her son.

그는 늘 지각한다
He’s always late.

늘 먹는 걸로 주세요
I’ll have the usual.

She always talks too loud.
그녀는 늘 너무 큰 소리로 말한다.

He is always in a bad mood in the morning.
그는 아침에는 늘 기분이 좋지 않다.

SIMPLE DIALOGUE USING 늘

A: 요즘 어때?
B: 나? 늘 그렇지 뭐. 다람쥐 쳇바퀴 돌듯.

A: Hi, how’s your life?
B: Me? Same work, same story [It’s the same old story]. I run the rat race.

Question 22

stairs
steps
stairway

Answer 22

계단

Question 23

to go up

Answer 23

올라가다

Question 24

to go up the stairs

Answer 24

계단으로 올라가다

Question 25

to ride the elevator

Answer 25

엘리베이터를 타다

Question 26

to brush one’s teeth

Answer 26

이를 닦다

Question 27

to wipe

Answer 27

닦다

지갑을 훔치다(stealing a wallet)

걸레로 바닥을 훔치다(mopping the floor with a mop)

걸레로 바닥을 닦다 (mopping the floor with a mop)

yes, 훔치다 can be both stealing and mopping(wiping) but nowadays people prefer to use 닦다

Question 28

to come out

Answer 28

나오다

So I just read some Korean dialogue, and one of the speakers said, (되지 않은 카메라를 보여주며)”야, 이거 잘 나오는 거 맞냐? 이거 안 나오면 말짱 꽝이여.”
I know there is a little bit of 사투리 in there, but my understanding of 나오다 is that it means “to come out, come forward.” So what does 나오다 mean in this situation? And if you can, please give some more example sentences with this different meaning/word

It doesn’t phsycally mean to come out here, it means to get good results.

It applied to any situations that you can expect something to come out.

시험 점수가 잘 나오다. To get good marks in the exam.

Question 29

jump (from/off/out of)

Answer 29

뛰어내리다

Question 30

to be dangerous

Answer 30

위험하다

Question 31

amusement park

Answer 31

놀이 공원

Question 32

zoo

Answer 32

동물원

Question 33

Did you have a good weekend?

Answer 33

주말 잘 보냈어요?