CHAPTER 3 Flashcards
to be broken
고장나다
to play
to hangout
놀다
to comeback
to return
돌아오다
to leave
떠나다
to do laundry
빨래하다
to run a business
사업하다
to organize
to clean up
정리하다
‘정리하다’ can translate many way. you have to understand in context.
‘정리하다’ means
organize, arrange, clean up, put together, remove, break up
snack
간신
refreshments for breaktime = 간식
과자 = snack, cookies, chips
과자 Snack foods like cookies, crackers, biscuits etc
간식 Something you eat btw meals. E.g. If you eat something btw your lunch and dinner, and if you wouldn’t count it as a meal, then you can call it a 간식
간: btw
식: meal
you can eat 과자 as a 간식
broadcasting station
방송국
to be traffic
길이 막히다
길이 막히다 is the road is blocked. Most of the time it’s used to describe traffic jams. You can also use it if there’s something literally blocking your path, like construction.
ex) 교통이 나쁘다: the place is hard to reach on bus/subway/car ect.. becasue there is hardly one of them or because of conditions of road.
길이 막히다 is only used when actual road is full of vehicle so you couldnt go fast.
to pass by
지나다
한강대교를 지나다
pass the han river bridge
to pass
to pass by
지나다
이 건물을 지나면 내 집이 있어요.
if you pass this building, you can see my home
to stretch
스트레칭하다
to wash
씻다
to greet
인사하다
to be important
중요하다
to be clean
깨끗하다
various
several
many kinds of
여러 가지
여러: various/many
여러가지: various/several/many kinds of
여러가지 방법이 있다: there are several methods.
그는 여러가지를 시도했다: he tried several things.
Firstly, we don’t use 여러가지 for people.
For example, 여러가지 사람 is rude expression. it sounds like racism or something like that.
but we use 여러 for either 사람 or 물건
여러 사람 means 'many people' 여러 나라 means 'many countries' 여러모로 means 'in various ways' 여러 영화 means 'many movies' etc
and 여러가지 include types of things
For example
여러가지 컴퓨터 means ‘various types of computer.’
여러가지 운동 means ‘various type of sports
always
언젠나
The words “항상” and “언제나” can be used interchangeably.
For your reference, 항상 is Sino-Korean and 언제나 is pure Korean vocabulary
언제나 has more of a meaning of something that is continuous; there is not a time when it is not happening.
Ex. 그녀가 언제나 예뻐요. She is always pretty.
항상 has more of a meaning of something that happens repeatedly.
Ex. 항상 도서관에서 공부해요. I always study in the library.
언제나 같군요.
① Same as usual.
② Same as always.
③ About the same
WHICH IS COMMONLY USED IN CONVERSATIONAL KOREAN?
항상 and 언제나 are both very commonly used, but Google search returns about 100M hits for 항상 and 50M for 언제나, so maybe 항상 is used more.
There are of course many cases where one works better (or appropriate, I guess) than the other. For example, the movie and song title “Always A Stranger” sounds much better as 언제나 타인, than 항상 타인, although it’s hard to explain why - probably just an established usage, I guess.
often
자주
always
항상
There is really no distinction between 항상 and 언제나. However, I wanna give you a bit of their background :
✔항상 is a hanja (Chinese characters) word (항 = continual, perpetual, 상 = usual, normal)
✔ 언제나 is a native Korean word (언제 = when, a time, 나 = a suffix emphasizing or extending the meaning).
✔ There is also 늘, another native Korean word with similar meaning.
👉 항상, 언제나 and 늘 can be used interchangeably but I would say 늘 has a slightly weaker feel than the other two.
WHICH IS COMMONLY USED IN CONVERSATIONAL KOREAN?
항상 and 언제나 are both very commonly used, but Google search returns about 100M hits for 항상 and 50M for 언제나, so maybe 항상 is used more.
There are of course many cases where one works better (or appropriate, I guess) than the other. For example, the movie and song title “Always A Stranger” sounds much better as 언제나 타인, than 항상 타인, although it’s hard to explain why - probably just an established usage, I guess.
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Sample sentences are always the best way to help us understand when it’s appropriate to use one over the other.
🔖EXAMPLES OF 항상
항상 도서관에서 공부해요.
I always study in the library.
그는 수업에 항상 늦는다.
He is always late for class.
난 토요일에는 항상 영화를 보러 간다.
I always go to a movie on Saturdays.
저는 항상 아침을 안 먹어요.
I never have breakfast.
🔖EXAMPLES OF 언제나
언제나 당신을 생각하고 있어요.
I think about you all the time.
당신은 언제나 환영입니다.
You are always welcome.
그녀가 언제나 예뻐요.
She is always pretty.
아침엔 언제나 7시쯤에 일어납니다.
I always get up around seven in the morning.
언제나 당신의 곁에 있고 싶어요.
① I wanna be with you always.
② I always want to be by your side.
언제나 같군요.
① Same as usual.
② Same as always.
③ About the same.
일본에 언제나 가 볼 수 있을까?
When will I ever be able to visit Japan?
🔖EXAMPLES OF 늘
부모는 늘 자식 걱정을 한다
Parents worry about their children the whole time.
그녀는 늘 아들 편만 든다 She always (all the time) sides with her son.
그는 늘 지각한다
He’s always late.
늘 먹는 걸로 주세요
I’ll have the usual.
She always talks too loud.
그녀는 늘 너무 큰 소리로 말한다.
He is always in a bad mood in the morning.
그는 아침에는 늘 기분이 좋지 않다.
SIMPLE DIALOGUE USING 늘
A: 요즘 어때?
B: 나? 늘 그렇지 뭐. 다람쥐 쳇바퀴 돌듯.
A: Hi, how’s your life?
B: Me? Same work, same story [It’s the same old story]. I run the rat race.
stairs
steps
stairway
계단
to go up
올라가다
to go up the stairs
계단으로 올라가다
to ride the elevator
엘리베이터를 타다
to brush one’s teeth
이를 닦다
to wipe
닦다
지갑을 훔치다(stealing a wallet)
걸레로 바닥을 훔치다(mopping the floor with a mop)
걸레로 바닥을 닦다 (mopping the floor with a mop)
yes, 훔치다 can be both stealing and mopping(wiping) but nowadays people prefer to use 닦다
to come out
나오다
So I just read some Korean dialogue, and one of the speakers said, (되지 않은 카메라를 보여주며)”야, 이거 잘 나오는 거 맞냐? 이거 안 나오면 말짱 꽝이여.”
I know there is a little bit of 사투리 in there, but my understanding of 나오다 is that it means “to come out, come forward.” So what does 나오다 mean in this situation? And if you can, please give some more example sentences with this different meaning/word
It doesn’t phsycally mean to come out here, it means to get good results.
It applied to any situations that you can expect something to come out.
시험 점수가 잘 나오다. To get good marks in the exam.
jump (from/off/out of)
뛰어내리다
to be dangerous
위험하다
amusement park
놀이 공원
zoo
동물원
Did you have a good weekend?
주말 잘 보냈어요?
