Chapter 3 & 4 Flashcards
What is Stress?
Stress is an internal state of feeling of undirected arousal.
it is also an imbalance of the demands imposed and the resources to meet those demands.
Biological theory: a non-specific response of an organism/ body when anything is put upon it.
What are the 4 main signs of stress?
Behavioural changes
Physical changes
psychological changes
intellectual changes
Technology can make stress levels go up too
What are the 5 types of stress?
Acute stress
Chronic stress
Episodic Stress
Eustress
Destress
What is the General Adaptaiton Syndrome? (Biological Model)
your body’s attempt to maintain homeostasis while feeling stressed.
1. Alarm: stress is perceived
2. Resistance: while the stress continues, your body develops a new level of homeostasis to cope with the stress
3. Exhaustion: the stress starts to wear you out so you have to replenish your energy levels (food & sleep)
if the stress keeps going, then it can result in long-term damage
Cognitive Transactional Model
Primary Appraisal: recognizing your stress levels.
Secondary appraisal: evaluation process, how to cope and fix the problem.
this leads to either a Threat or a challenge. Threat resulting in Destress, and Chalange resulting in Eustress.
results in Cognitive, behavioral, effective.
Nervous system breakdown!
The central nervous system contains the Brain and the spinal cord. they take in chemical messages from the PNS
The peripheral nervous system includes the Somatic NS & Autonomic NS.
The somatic NS controls are like your skeletal muscle control.
The Autonomic NS has 2 parts: the sympathetic NS and the parasympathetic NS.
The sympathetic NS controls energy output and mobilizes the body for action.
The parasympathetic NS controls the energy storage, and maintains the body’s quiet state
Concequences of Stress
some main consequences of stress are physical illness and psychological and social instability
What is cortisol?
Cortisol is a stress hormone released by the endocrine system when the sympathetic Nervous system is triggered. This can cause high heart rate and high blood pressure.
similar to adreniline
speeds up the process of fats and proteins into carbs
stress increases the time it takes to remove fat from the blood
What are some coping strategies for stress?
- sleep
- exercise
- communication
- behavioral therapy
- nutrition
- reframe & refocus
- conflict resolution
- redirection (sublimitation
- time management
what are some stress coping resources?
Emotion-focused coping
- avoidance and minimization
- changes the way we perceive stress
Problem-focused coping
- changing the situation
- finding other solutions
- reducing the demands upon you
6 Defence mechanisms
- Denial - refusing to accept a painful reality
- Displacement - redirecting your feelings on something to a better one
- Projection- attribution, putting your bad feelings on someone else
- repression - keeping information out of conscious awareness
- rationalization - substituting stress: making a false acceptable reason
- reaction formation - adopting attitudes and behaviours that are opposite of what you feel.
what is stress?
It is based on your thoughts, feelings (personality) and emotions.
what defines your personality?
characteristics or traits that define us and make us unique.
it provides a frame of reference from which people base their reactions on.
it influences your health through a generic view and a disease-based view
what are the 4 personality types?
A: the director
B: the socializer
C: the thinker
D: the supporter
what is type D personality type?
The supporter
strengths: caring, calm, observant, approachable
Weaknesses: emotional, shy, avoid stressful situations
they sometimes have an external focus of control, not giving themself credit for their work
