Body Composition: obesity & leaness

Question 1

Obesity in Canada over the years

Answer 1

• rose due to the new obesity categories
• The % of obese people varies for different cultures
• has risen over the past 20 years from 1 in 5 people to 1 in 3
• it is a chronic disease, affects a lot of people, including children

Question 2

What is BMI? Classes

Answer 2

Height x weight

overweight = 25-29.9 BMI

Class 1 = 30-34.9
Class 2 = 35-39.9
Class 3 = 40+

Question 3

Risk factors

Answer 3

Biological - (40-70%) genes passed down
Social - lack of food, income, education
Environmental - obesity is not blamed on the individual
Behavioural - choices, coping strategies

Question 4

What are some Enviromental Dietary factors?

Answer 4

things that cause the obesity epidemic
- increased eating out
- access to quality food
- portion sizes
- advertising
- time spent in the workspace

Question 5

What is the difference between Hunger and Appetite?
what is Satiety?

Answer 5

Hunger - physiological need to eat

Appetite - desire to eat

satiety: being satisfied and ‘full’

Question 6

Behavioural factors

Answer 6

Occupations - jobs
leisure time - what you do with free time
schools - lots of fending machines, sitting in desks
transportation - driving instead of biking

Question 7

Risks of obesity

Answer 7

type 2 diabetes
Hypertension
Dyslipidemia
Elevated plasma leptin
increased risk of CHD
increased risk of cancer

Question 8

How can you alter your diet to gain less weight?

Answer 8

lower intake of high sugary drinks
eat a lower-fat diet
increase intake of fruit and veggies
eat breakfast

Question 9

What can trigger unhealthy or dishordered eating?

Answer 9

• outside pressure- people, events, enviroments
• internal pressure, stress, low self-esteem, body image, fear of failure, perfectionism
• vulnerable times

Question 10

How are ‘ideal’ body types spread and promoted?

Answer 10

through the media that is fed right to people

Question 11

What are the ideal body fat percentages for men and women age 20-29?

Answer 11

men 7-17%

women 16-24%

Question 12

What is Anorexia nervosa?

Answer 12

• a psychological eating disorder where someone refuses to eat because of an intense fear of fatness.
• includes restricting their diet, purging, vomiting
• less than 80% of normal weight
• distorted body image when they look at themselves in the mirror
• loose their periods and sexual drive for 3 months in order for it to be considered anorexia
  10-15% mortality rate
  1% adolescent women are diagnosed

Question 13

What is bulimia nervosa?

Answer 13

• a psychological eating disorder where someone has a lack of control over eating and eating behaviours
  a continuous cycle of binge eating, purging, negative self-perceptions and restrictive dieting.
• sometimes can be hard to recognise because you are actually not loosing weight
• has to occur 2 x a week to be classified as an eating disorder
• popular in women, but men can get eating disorders too.

Question 14

other types of eating disorders

Answer 14

anorexia, but not losing your period
Bulemia but fewer occurrences
binge eating disorder
muscle dysmorphia - seeing oneself as unfit, over-exercising

Question 15

What health problems come with eating disorders?

Answer 15

• it physically affects the body, muscles, organs, respiratory system, menstrual system, dehydration, affects your teeth
• decreases mental capacity