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PSYCH 104 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

-Electrical activity is measured using scalp electrodes
-Excellent temporal resolution (Msec)
-Poor spatial resolution
-Used for sleep research

A

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

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2
Q

Positive and Negative of Electroencephalogram

A

-It can tell you quick quickly what’s going on but doesn’t give you precise location of where parts of the brains that’s highly active

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3
Q

Computed Tomography (CT)
and its negative

A

-X-rays used to construct 3D images
-Risk of exposure to radiation, but if used moderately it shouldn’t have long term issues

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4
Q

Functional MRI (fMRI)

A

-Measures oxygen consumption in brain areas
-You can see how a person’s brain activity changes if you do the scan while they read something or recite something

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5
Q

Negative of Functional MRI (fMRI)

A

Takes a considerable amount of time

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6
Q

PET Positron emission tomography

A

Measures consumption of glucose (or sugar) by neurons in the brain (more glucose=more activity by neurons in a brain area)

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7
Q

-Modify brain function via implanted electrodes
-Potential treatment for disorders (E.G. Depression)
-Implant wires right into the brain connected to a battery pack in your chest that lasts for 5 years to figure out what part, it is used to interrupt any sort of abnormal brain communication.

A

Deep brain stimulation (DBS)

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8
Q

What is Depp Brain Stimulation used for?

A

-Used for OCD and Depression and Parkinsons

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9
Q

TMS Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Positive and Negative

A

It can increase or impair and slow down brain activity

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10
Q

Used in patients with severe depression

Strong and changing magnetic fields applied to the skull that can chance or interrupt brain function

Relieves symptoms of mood disorders

A

TMS Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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11
Q

Neurons

A

Brain cells that communicate with each other

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12
Q

Cells body (Soma)

A

maintains a life of the cell

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13
Q

Dendrites

A

Receives information

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14
Q

Axons

A

sends information

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15
Q

End of Axons

A

Axon Terminals

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16
Q

Neurotransmitters (Chemical Messengers)

A

Chemical messengers for neuronal communication. Can excite or inhibit cells.

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17
Q

Synapse

A

Space between the axon terminal of one neuron and dendrite of another neuron.

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18
Q

Glial Cells

A

Provides structural support, protection, waste removal, and nutrients for neurons.

1:1 ratio with neurons

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19
Q

Support cells for neurons

A

Astrocytes
Action Potential

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20
Q

Astrocytes

A

star-shaped type of glial cell found in the blood-drain barrier that helps with neuronal transmission.

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21
Q

Action Potential

A

electrochemical impulse triggered by a threshold of excitation

The action potential travels in on direction down the axel

22
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Glutamate
GABA
Acetylcholine
Monoamines
Neuropeptides
Anandamides

23
Q

Glutamate

A

Common inn CNS

Excitatory

Associated with learning and memory

Toxic in high doses

Can result to schyznophrenia by having too many

24
Q

GABA

A

Common in CNS

Inhibitory

Associated with learning and memory

25
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Influences arousal, selective attention, sleep, memory

Involved with muscle movement

26
Q

Monoamines

A

Norepinephrine (brain arousal, sleep, hunger)

Dopamine, motor function,reward)

Serotonin(mood, temp regulation,naggression,sleep cycles)

27
Q

Neuropeptides

A

Endorphins (relieves pain)

28
Q

Anandamides

A

Influence eating, motivation and sleep

THC recreates it

29
Q

Plasticity

A

Neurons can change

30
Q

Neurogenesis research

A

Enhance the generation of new neurons

31
Q

Myelination

A

Without it it can result in neuron communication, it helps it go faster)

part of Plasticity

32
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal cord

33
Q

Brain, Brain stem -> ?
Sensory info-> ?
Sensory info: ?

A

Spinal Cord
Decisions
Taste, touch, sight, smell, etc

34
Q

Parts of the brain

A

Cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic system
Thalamus
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Cerebellum

35
Q

Brain Lobes

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe

36
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Involved with personality and planning and production of speech executive functions and memory

37
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Touch perception and pain perception

38
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Auditory Processing (Hearing), Language and autobiographical memory.

39
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Processes visual information

40
Q

Cortex

A

The Lobes

41
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Control of movement and motor Planning

42
Q

Thalamus

A

Conveys sensory information to cortex

43
Q

Amygdala

A

Regulates arousal and fear

44
Q

Hippocampus

A

Processes memory for spatial locations

45
Q

Cerebellum

A

Controls balance and coordinated movement

46
Q

Brain Stem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

47
Q

Midbrain

A

Tracks visual stimuli and reflexes triggered by sound

48
Q

Pons

A

Conveys information between the cortex and cerebellum

49
Q

Medulla

A

Regulates breathing and heartbeats

50
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Information to rest of the body

PSYCH 104 (11 decks)

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