Chapter 3

Question 1

An area of science that focuses on people, and in particular, how the mind and feelings may influence behaviors.

Answer 1

psychology

Question 2

The level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action.

Answer 2

adherence

Question 3

The intensity and direction of someone’s effort to participate in an activity or engage in a behavior.

Answer 3

motivation

Question 4

Describes when someone is not motivated to engage in an activity or behavior.

Answer 4

amotivation

Question 5

When someone participates in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others.

Answer 5

extrinsic motivation

Question 6

When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction.

Answer 6

intrinsic motivation

Question 7

Goals focused on the end result.

Answer 7

outcome goal

Question 8

Refers to the process of goal pursuit.

Answer 8

process goal

Question 9

The intentional ways that people assist others in achieving a specific behavior.

Answer 9

social support

Question 10

A specific form of anxiety that occurs in individuals who perceive that others could be negatively evaluating their physique.

Answer 10

social physique anxiety

Question 11

Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation.

Answer 11

ambivalance

Question 12

The actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen. In the context of exercise, instrumental support can include driving a person to a health club or paying for the gym membership.

Answer 12

instrumental support

Question 13

The encouragement and positive reinforcement that is provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic, and showing concern.

Answer 13

emotional support

Question 14

The ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts.

Answer 14

empathy

Question 15

Providing accurate, current, and informative information.

Answer 15

informational support

Question 16

When someone engages in a behavior with an individual. This type of support is often observed in an exercise setting where people exercise with a friend or partner.

Answer 16

companion support

Question 17

The way someone evaluates their own self-worth physically, emotionally, and socially.

Answer 17

self esteem

Question 18

The way someone views their physical self or visualizes their body.

Answer 18

body image

Question 19

A sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts, which disrupts the body’s natural sleep cycle.

Answer 19

sleep apnea