Chapter 29- The Search for Order in an Era of Limits Flashcards
A cartel formed in 1960 by the Persian Gulf States and other oil-rich developing countries that allowed its members to exert greater control over the price of oil.
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
A period of fuel shortages in the United States after the Arab states in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting countries declared an oil embargo in October 1973.
energy crisis
Activist movement begun in the 1960s that was concerned with protecting the environment through activities such as conservation, pollution control measures, and public awareness campaigns. In response to the new environmental consciousness, the federal government staked out a broad role in environmental regulation in the 1960s and 1970s.
environmentalism
Book published in 1962 by biologist Rachel Carson. Its analysis of the pesticide DDT’s toxic impact on the human and natural food chains galvanized environmental activists.
Silent Spring
An annual event honoring the environment that was first celebrated on April 22, 1970, when 20 million citizens gathered in communities across the country to express their support for a cleaner, healthier planet.
Earth Day
Federal agency created by Congress and President Nixon in 1970 to enforce environmental laws, conduct an environmental research, and reduce human health and environmental risks from pollutants.
Environmental Protection Agency
A nuclear plant near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where a reactor core came close to a meltdown in March 1979. After the incident at Three Mile Island, no new nuclear plants were authorized in the United States, though a handful with existing authorization were built in the 1980s.
Three Mile Island
An economic term coined in the 1970s to describe the condition in which inflation and unemployment rise at the same time.
stagflation
The dismantling of manufacturing- especially in the automobile, steel, and consumer goods industries- in the decades after World War II, representing a reversal of the process of industrialization that had dominated the American economy from the 1870s through the 1940s.
deindustrialization
The once heavily industrialized regions of the Northeast and Midwest that went into decline after deindustrialization. By the 1970s and 1980s, these regions were full of abandoned plants and distressed communities.
Rust Belt
A movement to lower or eliminate taxes. California’s proposition 13, which rolled back property taxes, cat future increases for present owners, and required that all tax measures have a 2/3 majority in the legislature, was the result of one such revolt, inspiring similar movements across the country.
tax revolt
A measure passed overwhelmingly by Californians to roll back property taxes, cap future increases for present owners, and require that all tax measures have a 2/3 majority in the legislature. Proposition 13 inspired tax revolts across the country and helped conservatives define an enduring issue: low taxes.
Proposition 13
Term referring to the 1972 break in at Democratic Party headquarters in the Watergate complex in Washington DC by men working for President Nixon’s reelection campaign, along with Nixon’s efforts to cover it up. The Watergate scandal led to President Nixon’s resignation.
Watergate
A law that limited the president’s ability to deploy US forces without Congressional approval. Congress passed the War Powers Act in 1973 as a series of laws to fight the abuses of the Nixon Administration
War Powers Act
Passed in the wake of the Watergate scandal, the 1974 act gave citizens access to Federal records.
Freedom of Information Act
