Chapter 25- Cold War America Flashcards
A meeting in Yalta of President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, and Joseph Stalin in February 1945, in which the leaders discussed the treatment of Germany, the status of Poland, the creation of the United Nations, and Russian entry into the war against Japan.
Yalta Conference
An international body agree upon at the Yalta Conference, and founded at a conference in San Francisco in 1945, consisting of a General Assembly, in which all nations are represented, and a Security Council of the 5 major Allied powers- the U.S. Britain, France, China, and the Soviet Union- and seven other nations elected on a rotating basis.
United Nations
The July 1945 conference in which American officials convinced the Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin to accept German reparations only from the Soviet zone, or far eastern part of Germany. The agreement paved the way for the division of Germany into East and West.
Potsdam Conference
The basic U.S. policy of the Cold War, which sought to contain communism within its existing geographic boundaries. Initially, containment focused on the Society Union and Eastern Europe, but in the late 1950s it came to include China, North Korea and other parts of the developing world.
containment
President Harry S. Truman’s commitment to “support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures.” First applied to Greece and Turkey in 1947, it became the justification for U.S. intervention into several countries during the Cold War.
Truman Doctrine
Aid program begun in 1948 to help European economies recover from World War II.
Marshall Plan
Military alliance formed in 1949 among the United States Canada and Western European nations to counter any possible Soviet threat.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
A military alliance established in Eastern Europe in 1955 to counter the NATO alliance; it included Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.
Warsaw Pact
Top secret government report of April 1950 warning that national survival in the face of Soviet communism required a massive military buildup.
NSC-68
A combination of moderate liberal policies that preserved the programs of the New Deal welfare state and forthright anti-communism that vilified the Soviet Union abroad and radicalism at home. Adopted by President Truman and the Democratic party during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
Cold War liberalism
Law passed by the republican-controlled Congress in 1947 that overhauled the 1935 National Labor Relations Act, placing restrictions on organized labor that made it more difficult for unions to organize workers
Taft-Hartley Act
The domestic policy agenda announced by President Harry S Truman in 1949. Including civil rights, Healthcare, and education reform, Truman’s initiative was only partially successful in Congress.
Fair Deal
A program created in 1947 by President Truman that permitted officials to investigate any employee of the federal government for subversive activities.
Loyalty security program
Congressional committee especially prominent during the early years of the Cold War that investigated Americans who might be disloyal to the government or might have associated with Communists or other radicals.
House Un-American Activities Committee
The defense policy of the Eisenhower Administration that stepped up production of the hydrogen bomb and developed long-range bombing capabilities.
New Look
