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physical science > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Is round and three dimensional

A

Sphere

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2
Q

Ellipse

A

Is an elongated closed curve with two foci

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3
Q

What are some ancient fact that prove is a sphere

A

Objects fall towards the surface
The Shadow of the earth on the moon
People in different parts of the earth see different stars

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4
Q

What are two that affect gravitational pull

A

Mass and distance of an object

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5
Q

What does the magnetic field protect the earth from

A

Solar radiation

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6
Q

Which magnetic pull is located in the northern hemisphere

A

South magnetic pull

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7
Q

What what degree is earths axis tilted

A

11.7 degrees

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8
Q

What is the large scale movements where the magnetic pulls flip

A

Magnetic reversals

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9
Q

How often do magnetic reversals occur

A

200,000 years

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10
Q

Within earths magnetic field which deflects radiation

A

Magnetosphere

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11
Q

What are the scientific name of the northern and southern lights

A

Aurora borealis

Aurora Australis

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12
Q

How are the aurora lights created

A

Electrically-charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light

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13
Q

An area 15 degree wide in which the time is the same

A

Time zone

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14
Q

The spinning of earth on its axis, an imaginary line drawn from earths North Pole to its South Pole

A

Rotation

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15
Q

The motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

A

Revolution

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16
Q

The plane of earths orbit around the sun

A

Ecliptic

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17
Q

Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of the earth to the center of the sun

A

Equinox

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18
Q

Occurs when earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun

A

Solstice

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19
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C

A

Babylonians

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20
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from

A

The Babylonians from the sun

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21
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one day

A

360

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22
Q

How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation

A

24

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23
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour

A

15

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24
Q

What direction does the sun rise

A

East

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25
Q

What direction does the sun set

A

West

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26
Q

True or false? All time zones are the exact same size

A

False, they are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites

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27
Q

How many time zones are there in the world

A

24

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28
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time

A

East

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29
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time

A

West

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30
Q

How many time zones are there in the us

A

6

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31
Q

What are the names of the time zones

A 
Atlantic/ Alaska 
Pacific 
Mountain
Central 
Eastern 
Hawaiian
32
Q

What is a solar day

A

Motion of the sun from sun at noon one day and sun at noon the next day

33
Q

What is a sidereal day

A

See a certain stair over the horizon to the next day

34
Q

What are the two main reasons for seasons

A

Revolution and the tilt of the axis

35
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice

A

Winter and summer

36
Q

Which month of s the summer solstice

A

June

37
Q

Which month is the winter solstice

A

December

38
Q

Which two seasons are equinox

A

Spring and fall

39
Q

Which month is the spring equinox

A

March

40
Q

Which month is the fall equinox

A

September

41
Q

When is the longest day of the year

A

June 21

42
Q

When is the shortest day of the year

A

December 21

43
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night

A

Spring and fall equinox
March 21 or 22
September 22 or 23

44
Q

Is a rise or fall in the ocean surface to rise

A

Tide

45
Q

Reflects the change in appearance of the moon as seen from earth

A

Moon phase

46
Q

Occurs when the moon moves directly between the sun and earth and casts a shadow on earth

A

Solar eclipse

47
Q

Occurs when earth passes between the sun and the moon and casts a shadow on the moon

A

Lunar eclipse

48
Q

The dark-colored, flat, lava-filled regions on the moons surface

A

Maria

49
Q

A layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets and the moon

A

Regolith

50
Q

How many days does it take the moon to revolve around earth

A

27.3

51
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called

A

Synodic month

52
Q

Do we ever see the back side of the moon

A

No

53
Q

What causes a ride to rise or fall

A

The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

54
Q

What is the rise of sea level called

A

High tide

55
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level drop

A

6 hours

56
Q

Which is farther from earth, the sun or the moon

A

Sun

57
Q

Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on earth tides

A

Moon

58
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a spring tide

A

The sun the earth and the moon are in a straight line

59
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a neap tide

A

L aligned meant

60
Q

What does the phase of the moon you see depend on

A

The positions of the moon, earth, and the sun relative to one another

61
Q

When does a new moon occur

A

When the moon is between the earth and the sun

62
Q

How many phases of the moon are there

A

8

63
Q

What is the definition of waxing phase

A

The illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night

64
Q

What is the definition of waning phases

A

The illumination portion that we see begins to appear smaller

65
Q

What are the moon phases names

A

New, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, waning crescent

66
Q

Where is the word month derived from

A

Old German word that means month

67
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a solar eclipse

A

Sun moon earth

68
Q

What is an umbra

A

Total solar eclipse

69
Q

What is a penumbra

A

Partial eclipse

70
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a lunar eclipse

A

Sun earth moon and happens at night time

71
Q

How are the depressions on the moon formed

A

Meteorites, asteroids, and comets

72
Q

Are there mountains on the moon

A

Yes they are formed by lava

73
Q

Which side of the moon is thicker

A

Dark side

74
Q

Is the mantle of the moon a solid or liquid

A

Solid

75
Q

What did the Clementine spacecraft do (2 things)

A

Confirmed that the thickness the crust of the moon and provided info on the mineral content of the moon

76
Q

What did the lunar prospector do (3 things)

A

Orbited the moon taking surface photos, confirmed the moon has a small iron rich core about 600 in, and supports the presence of water ice on the moon

77
Q

What is the Giant Impact Theory

A

The moon formed about 4.6 billion years ago when a Mars-sized object collided with earth

physical science (10 decks)

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