chapter 25 Flashcards
Hess discovered a system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys .
mid-ocean ridge
A long, narrow depression called?
Rift valley
The boundary where two collide
Convergent plate boundary
When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent in a process.
subduction
the boundary between two plates that are moving apart.
divergent plate boundary
this type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions
transform plate boundary
the sudden movement or vibration of the ground the occurs when rock slip and slide along enormous cracks in Earths crust called faults
earthquake
is a crack in earths crust along which rock has moved.
fault
this sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault
elastic rebound
The point of origin for an earthquake
force
The point on earths surface directly above the focus
epicenter
who came up with the continental drift hypothesis
Alfred Wegener
What where some pieces of evidence that supported his hypothesis
Large land animal fossils coast lines matched up mountain ranges matches up;and the same rock composition
what was the name of the super continent
Pangaea
Who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis
Harry Hess
What did he use to help him create a map of the seafloor
Sonor
Who discovered the mid-ocean ridge
Harry Hess
Where will you find younger rock?
closer to the MOR or near the MOR
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Divergent Boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform boundary
Sunduction only happens with which type of plate boundary
convergent
tending move toward one point or approach each other
convergent
What are the two types of crust involved in plate movement
Oceanic crust
Continental crust
what land forms can for when oceanic crust and continental crust
voicanoes and deep sea trench
what land forms can be formed when two oceanic crust collide
Hot Spots= They create island also create deep sea trench
what land form is created when two continental collide or converge
Mountains
what types of crust must be present for volcanoes active to occur
oceanic crust
how do divergent plates boundaries move
they come apart they divide
what are two examples of divergent plate boundaries
mid ocean ridge
MOR ( made up oceanic crust)
The East African Rift ( made up of tow continetal crust)
how do transform plates boundaries move
the slide by each other
what is an specific example of a transform plate boundary
San Andreas fault ( two continental crust)
d
how do convention currents work
- magma heats up, becomes less dense then rises
2. magma cools becomes more dense and goes down
What are two types of boundaries have shallow earthquakes
Divergent and tranform
which boundary has deep earthquakes
convergent
what are the types of stress that could be applied to rocks
compression stress
tension stress
shear stress
torsion stress
what are the two types of deformation
Elastic and Plastic
what happens to a rock during elastic deformation happens
It deforms then returns to its original shape
what happens to a rock during plastic deformation happens
it deforms and doesnt go back to the stay shape
what are the types of seismic waves
Primary
Secondary
Surface
which type of seismic wave moves fastest
Primary
How do primary waves move
They are compression waves
what types of materials does primary waves move through
solids and liquids
how do secondary waves move
they are transverse waves
what type of material does secondary waves move through
only solids
Which type of wave is most complex and causes the most damage
surface waves
what are the two scales to measure earthquakes
Richter scale
Mercalli scale
what does the richter scale tells us about a earthquake
Tells us the amount of energy released
