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physical science > chapter 25 > Flashcards

chapter 25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Hess discovered a system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys .

A

mid-ocean ridge

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2
Q

A long, narrow depression called?

A

Rift valley

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3
Q

The boundary where two collide

A

Convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent in a process.

A

subduction

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5
Q

the boundary between two plates that are moving apart.

A

divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

this type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

the sudden movement or vibration of the ground the occurs when rock slip and slide along enormous cracks in Earths crust called faults

A

earthquake

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8
Q

is a crack in earths crust along which rock has moved.

A

fault

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9
Q

this sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

The point of origin for an earthquake

A

force

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11
Q

The point on earths surface directly above the focus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

who came up with the continental drift hypothesis

A

Alfred Wegener

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13
Q

What where some pieces of evidence that supported his hypothesis

A

Large land animal fossils coast lines matched up mountain ranges matches up;and the same rock composition

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14
Q

what was the name of the super continent

A

Pangaea

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15
Q

Who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis

A

Harry Hess

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16
Q

What did he use to help him create a map of the seafloor

A

Sonor

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17
Q

Who discovered the mid-ocean ridge

A

Harry Hess

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18
Q

Where will you find younger rock?

A

closer to the MOR or near the MOR

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19
Q

What are the three types of plate boundaries?

A

Divergent Boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform boundary

20
Q

Sunduction only happens with which type of plate boundary

A

convergent

21
Q

tending move toward one point or approach each other

A

convergent

22
Q

What are the two types of crust involved in plate movement

A

Oceanic crust

Continental crust

23
Q

what land forms can for when oceanic crust and continental crust

A

voicanoes and deep sea trench

24
Q

what land forms can be formed when two oceanic crust collide

A

Hot Spots= They create island also create deep sea trench

25
Q

what land form is created when two continental collide or converge

A

Mountains

26
Q

what types of crust must be present for volcanoes active to occur

A

oceanic crust

27
Q

how do divergent plates boundaries move

A

they come apart they divide

28
Q

what are two examples of divergent plate boundaries

A

mid ocean ridge
MOR ( made up oceanic crust)
The East African Rift ( made up of tow continetal crust)

29
Q

how do transform plates boundaries move

A

the slide by each other

30
Q

what is an specific example of a transform plate boundary

A

San Andreas fault ( two continental crust)

31
Q

d

A
32
Q

how do convention currents work

A
  1. magma heats up, becomes less dense then rises

2. magma cools becomes more dense and goes down

33
Q

What are two types of boundaries have shallow earthquakes

A

Divergent and tranform

34
Q

which boundary has deep earthquakes

A

convergent

35
Q

what are the types of stress that could be applied to rocks

A

compression stress
tension stress
shear stress
torsion stress

36
Q

what are the two types of deformation

A

Elastic and Plastic

37
Q

what happens to a rock during elastic deformation happens

A

It deforms then returns to its original shape

38
Q

what happens to a rock during plastic deformation happens

A

it deforms and doesnt go back to the stay shape

39
Q

what are the types of seismic waves

A

Primary
Secondary
Surface

40
Q

which type of seismic wave moves fastest

A

Primary

41
Q

How do primary waves move

A

They are compression waves

42
Q

what types of materials does primary waves move through

A

solids and liquids

43
Q

how do secondary waves move

A

they are transverse waves

44
Q

what type of material does secondary waves move through

A

only solids

45
Q

Which type of wave is most complex and causes the most damage

A

surface waves

46
Q

what are the two scales to measure earthquakes

A

Richter scale

Mercalli scale

47
Q

what does the richter scale tells us about a earthquake

A

Tells us the amount of energy released

physical science (10 decks)

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