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physical science > Chapter 28 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Flashcards

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1
Q

our weather takes place in

A

troposhere

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2
Q

occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable.

A

temperature inversion

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3
Q

is a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared radiation

A

greenhouse effect

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4
Q

how are the atmosphere glares divided

A

differences in composition and temperature

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5
Q

what gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere

A

nitrogen 78%

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6
Q

what gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere

A

oxygen

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7
Q

what is the remaining 1% gases in the atmosphere

A

trace gases and majority is argon

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8
Q

in the troposphere layer does temp increase or decrease with altitude

A

it decreases

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9
Q

how many layers are within the earths atmosphere

A

5

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10
Q

what are the names of the atmospheres glares

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

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11
Q

which layer is the ozone layer found in

A

Stratosphere

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12
Q

What are the 3 basic cloud types

A

Stratus cumulus and cirrus

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13
Q

Describe stratus clouds

A

Layered, sheet-like clouds associated with rain

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14
Q

Describe cumulus clouds

A

Puffy clouds

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15
Q

Describe Cirrus clouds

A

Wispy clouds

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16
Q

What is the process called here water moves from the land to the atmosphere then eventually comes back

A

Watercycle

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17
Q

What are the steps of the water cycle

A

Evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration

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18
Q

Does the thermosphere and exosphere affect weather

A

No

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19
Q

How much solar radiation absorbed by earths surface

A

50%

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20
Q

How much solar radiation is reflected by land and sea

A

5%

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21
Q

How much solar radiation is absorbed by particles in the atmosphere

A

20%

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22
Q

how much solar radiation is reflected off of the clouds and

other particles

A

25%

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23
Q

The apparent deflection of an object due to earths rotation

A

Coriolis effect

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24
Q

A large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout

A

Air mass

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25
Air masses interact in zones
Weather fronts
26
A narrow band of fast-moving, high-altitudes air
Jet stream
27
how many jet streams are there in the world
4
28
how many pressure-systems are there
2
29
what is a low pressure system also known as
Low (L)
30
Which way does the air flow for low pressure system
towards the center
31
what are some of the results of a low pressure system
causes air to rise, and results in cloud formation and precipitation
32
what is a high pressure system also known as
high (H)
33
which way does a high pressure system rotate
clockwise
34
what is the results of a high pressure system
causes the air to sink which brings clear skies
35
what are the 4 weather fronts
Cold, warm, stationary, and occluded
36
how is a cold front created
cold air forces warm air up
37
how is a cold front represented on a weather forecast
blue triangles
38
how is warm front represented by a weather forecast
red half circles
39
how is warm fronts created
warm air rises gently above cold air
40
how are stationary fronts created
cold and warm air masses meet and can last for days
41
how are stationary fronts represented by weather forecast
alternating half red circle and blue triangle
42
how is a occluded front created
fast moving cold front overtakes a slow warm front
43
how is occluded represented by weather forecast
alternating purple triangle and half circles
44
a climate that is strongly affected by an ocean
maritime climate
45
a climate that is not directly affected by an ocean
continental climate
46
blows from over the water toward land in the afternoon, when the land is warmer than the water
sea breeze
47
What is climate
The long term average of weather conditions
48
What is weather
The day to day outside conditions
49
What are the 5 spheres that make up earths system
Biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere
50
What is the atmosphere
The air around us
51
What is the biosphere
Everything living
52
What is the hydrosphere
Any type of body water
53
What is cryosphere
Frozen water in snow ice and glacier
54
What is the lithosphere
Earths outermost layer
55
What is the primary by factor that influences climate in any location
Latitude
56
Where is solar radiation greatest most intense on earth
The equator
57
At what angle do the suns rays hit the tropical zone
90 degrees
58
What degrees does the sun rays hit the temperate
45 degrees
59
What angle does the sun rays hit the polar zones
30 degrees
60
What other factor determines climate
Wind and air pressure
61
What are other factors that affect climate
Precipitation mountains and bodies of water
62
What are the conditions like on the windward side
Cool and wet and has lots of vegetations
63
What are the condition like on the leeward side
Warm and dry air and little to nun vegitation
64
What is land breeze
Happens at night where wind comes from the land to the water
65
What are the 2 changes that earths climate undergoes
Seasonal and long term
66
How do seasonal changes occur
As earth revolves around the sun
67
Which hemisphere experiences summer
The hemisphere tilted towards the sun
68
What is the period called when most of earth was covered in ice
Ice age
69
How long ago did the weather more regular like today
3,000 years ago
70
What factors can cause a climate change
Change in earths axis The shape of the orbit Timing of the seasons
71
What are human factors that can change climate
Energy consumption Deforestation Industrial and ag practice
72
What is deforestation
The clearing of large areas of forest land

physical science (10 decks)

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