Chapter 26 Flashcards
What are the 3 ways a mineral can form
Hot water. molten rock, and evaporation
What are the two mineral groups
Silicates and Nonsilicates
Which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth’s crust?
Silicates
Which elements are Silicates made up of
Oxygen and SIlicon
Nonsilicates do not contain which element?
silicon
Which mineral is used to make glass?
Quartz
how do you perform a streak test
by rubbing a mineral on a unglazed porcelain tile
how does nonmetallic luster reflect light
glassy appearance
what are the two types of luster
metal and nonmetallic
what are all of the ways to identify minerals
luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, and crystal shape
magma
hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earths crust
what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them about a mineral
how the mineral breaks, how hard it is, and what crystal shape it has
what does inorganic mean
non living materials
what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust
oxygen and silicon
what is a mineral
Define a rock
a naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass.
How are rocks classified
Rocks are identified by their composition and texture.
what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock
The texture of a rock describes the size, shape, and arrangement of the rock’s components.
Where do intrusive igneous rocks form
Igneous rocks are those that form from molten rock material that cools and crystallizes either underground or on Earth’s surface
What type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from
Igneous rocks that form within Earth’s crust are called intrusive igneous rocks.
what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals?
magma composition
what are the three types if magma
basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic
which magma type has a low silica content
potassium, feldspar, and quartz
which magma type has a high silica content
olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase
which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz (oceanic of continental)
oceanic
which type of crust has little to no quartz
continetal
which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture
intrusive
which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture
extrusive
Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly
slowly
What are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock
vesicular texture and porphytric texture
which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling
vesicular
which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates
porphyritic
what type of rock has a vesicular (holey) texture
pumice
