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Pharmacology II > Chapter 27 Respiratory > Flashcards

Chapter 27 Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Fluticasone (Flovent, Flonase)

A
  • Corticosteroid
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
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2
Q

Prednisone

A
  • Systemic Steroid

- Status

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3
Q

Cromolyn Sodium

A
  • Mast cell stabilizer
  • ophthalmic solution
  • treat seasonal conjunctivitis
  • ADE: uniquely nontoxic
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4
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

A
  • Leukotriene receptor antagonist
  • one dose per day
  • inhibit early and late phase bronchoconstriction
  • useful in allergic asthma and ASA sensitive
  • prevents exercise induced asthma if taken 2 hours prior
  • highest benefit in children
  • no CYP450 interaction
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5
Q

Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A
  • Leukotriene receptor antagonist
  • inhibit early and late phase bronchoconstriction
  • useful in allergic asthma and ASA sensitive
  • prevents exercise induced asthma if taken 2 hours prior
  • highest benefit in children
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6
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo)

A
  • leukotriene synthesis inhibitor
  • may be more effective in severe asthma
  • monitor LFTs (caution in heavy EtOH users)
  • approved for 12 and older
  • oral administration
  • ADE: flu like, headache, drowsiness, dyspepsia
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7
Q

Roflumilast (Daliresp)

A
  • phosphodiesterase inhibitor
  • reduces risk of COPD exacerbation in pt with chronic bronchitis
  • once daily oral use
  • ADE: diarrhea, nausea, weight gain, anxiety, insomnia, depression
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8
Q

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

A
  • SABA
  • rapid acting for acute bronchospasm
  • oral formulation and MDI
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
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9
Q

Arformoterol (Brovana)

A
  • LABA
  • not for acute bronchospasm (black box)
  • prevent nocturnal exacerbation
  • prevent late phase bronchoconstriction
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
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10
Q

Formoterol (Foradil)

A
  • LABA
  • not for acute bronchospasm (black box)
  • prevent nocturnal exacerbation
  • prevent late phase bronchoconstriction
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
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11
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

A
  • LABA
  • not for acute bronchospasm (black box)
  • prevent nocturnal exacerbation
  • prevent late phase bronchoconstriction
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
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12
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

A
  • muscarinic receptor antagonist
  • primarily used in COPD
  • for asthma better if combined with B2 agonist
  • parasympatholytic (blocks vagus nerve)
  • 1st line for mild COPD
  • ADE: dry mouth
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13
Q

Tiotropium (Spiriva)

A
  • muscarinic receptor antagonist
  • increases lung function for 24 hours with 1 pill/day
  • longer acting
  • primarily used in COPD
  • for asthma better if combined with B2 agonist
  • parasympatholytic (blocks vagus nerve)
  • 1st line for mild COPD
  • ADE: dry mouth
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14
Q

Umeclidinium (Incruse Ellipta)

A
  • muscarinic receptor antagonist
  • longer acting
  • primarily used in COPD
  • for asthma better if combined with B2 agonist
  • parasympatholytic (blocks vagus nerve)
  • 1st line for mild COPD
  • ADE: dry mouth
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15
Q

Theophylline (Theo-Dur)

A
  • methylxanthine (stimulant)
  • prevent bronchospasm in asthma and emphysema
  • used in neonatal apnea
  • NTI drug reserved for those unresponsive to other drugs
  • ADE: GI, cardiac stimulation, CNS stimulation, seizures/arrhythmias at high serum levels
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16
Q

Omalizumab (Xolair)

A
  • IgE antagonist
  • moderate to severe allergic asthma
  • subcutaneous q 2-4 weeks
  • anaphylaxis risk that never goes away
17
Q

Codeine

A
  • schedule V
  • potent antitussive
  • analgesia, sedation
18
Q

Dextromethorphan

A
  • OTC and most widely used antitussive

- lacks sedation, euphoria, & analgesia except at very high doses

19
Q

Hydrocodone

A
  • schedule V
  • potent antitussive
  • analgesia, sedation
20
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

A
  • expectorant
  • OTC, oral
  • may reduce surface adhesiveness of secretions
  • may reduce coughing
  • useful for thick secretions, sinusitis, dry/nonproductive coughing
21
Q

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

A
  • long acting, non sedating antihistamine

- manage rhinitis

22
Q

Azelastine (Astelin)

A
  • topical antihistamine

- treat ocular s/s inflammation, itching, allergic conjunctivitis

23
Q

Olopatadine (Patanase)

A
  • topical antihistamine

- treat ocular s/s inflammation, itching, allergic conjunctivitis

24
Q

Budesonide (Pulmicort)

A
  • Corticosteroid
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
25
Q

Beclomethasone (Qvar)

A
  • Corticosteroid
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
26
Q

Mometasone (Asmanex)

A
  • Corticosteroid
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
27
Q

Triamcinolone (Azmacort)

A
  • Corticosteroid
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
28
Q

Fluticasone-Salmeterol (Advair)

A
  • ICS/LABA
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
29
Q

Budesonide-Formoterol (Symbicort)

A
  • ICS/LABA
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
30
Q

Mometasone-Formoterol (Dulera)

A
  • ICS/LABA
  • Inhalation route preferred
  • ADE: oral thrush
31
Q

Lodoxamide (Alomide)

A
  • non steroidal mast cell stabilizer
  • prevents degranulation and are largely prophylactic
  • low oral bioavailability and must be inhaled
  • improvement after several weeks
  • uniquely nontoxic
32
Q

Nedocromil (Alocril)

A
  • non steroidal mast cell stabilizer
  • prevents degranulation and are largely prophylactic
  • low oral bioavailability and must be inhaled
  • improvement after several weeks
  • uniquely nontoxic
33
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

A
  • SABA
  • treat acute bronchospasm
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
34
Q

Pirbuterol (Maxair)

A
  • SABA
  • treat acute bronchospasm
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
35
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

A
  • SABA
  • treat acute bronchospasm
  • oral formulation and MDI
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
36
Q

Olodaterol (Striverdi)

A
  • LABA
  • not for acute bronchospasm (black box)
  • ADE: tachycardia, tremor, nervousness
37
Q

Ciclesonide (Omnaris)

A
  • corticosteroid

- treat allergic rhinitis

38
Q

Loratadine (Claritin)

A
  • non sedating antihistamine

- treat rhinitis

39
Q

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

A

Pharmacology II (19 decks)

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