Ch 40 Flashcards
1
Q
sulfonamide MOA
A
inhibit synthesis of dihydrofolate
2
Q
folate reductase inhibitors MOA
A
block action of dihydrofolate reductase and formation of tetrahydrofolate
3
Q
sulfonamide drug names
A
- sulfacetamide (cetamide, bleph-10)
- silver sulfadiazine (silvadene)
- sulfamethoxazole (with trimethoprim: bactrim, septra)
4
Q
sulfonamide indications
A
- primarily UTI
- silvadene for burns
- cetamide/bleph for blapharitis, conjunctivitis, ocular infection
5
Q
sulfonamide ADE
A
- skin rashes including steven-johnson
- crystalluria, GI, hepatitis, hematopoietic toxicity, hemolytic anemia
6
Q
trimethroprim-sulfamthoxazole (bactrim/septra)
indications
A
- DOC for P. jiroveci and N. asteroides in immunocompromised
- UTI where <30% E. coli are resistant
7
Q
trimethroprim-sulfamthoxazole (bactrim/septra)
ADE
A
-megaloblastic anemia
8
Q
fluoroquinolones MOA
A
- inhibit two types of bacterial topoisomerases
- bactericidal
- long post antibiotic effect of 2-6 hours
9
Q
IV fluoroquinolones
A
- ciprofloxacin
- levofloxacin
- moxifloxacin
- delafloxacin
10
Q
fluoroquinolones ADE
A
- tendon rupture
- hyper/hypo glycemia
- aortic aneurysm rupture
- seizures
- prolonged QT
11
Q
ciprofloxacin
A
primarily gram (-) including P. aeruginosa
12
Q
Levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, delafloxacin
A
increased gram (+) including S. pneumoniae
13
Q
moxifloxacin
A
most active against mycobacteria
14
Q
delafloxacin
A
- most potent against anaerobes
- only FQ active against MRSA
- newest and least understood
15
Q
nitrofurantoin (macrobid)
A
- nonspecific MOA staves off resistance
- oral that’s good for UTI since rapidly excreted in urine
- food enhances absorption
