Ch 41 Flashcards
1
Q
multidrug resistant TB
A
resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin
2
Q
extensively drug resistant TB
A
multidrug plus resistance to fluoroquinolones or at least one injectable second line drug
3
Q
mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI)
A
- immunocompromised
- present with pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis, sepsis
4
Q
leprosy
A
- not highly contagious, transmission from prolonged close contact
- years of therapy with antimycobacterial
5
Q
isoniazid
A
- slow acetylator types more susceptible to ADE
- effective inside caseous lesions
- absorbed well orally
6
Q
isoniazid MOA
A
inhibits reductase enzyme responsible to synthesis of mycolic acid for mycobacterial cell wall
-bactericidal
7
Q
isoniazid ADE
A
- increase LFT, hepatitis
- peripheral neuritis, mitigated by B6 supplement
- agranulocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia
8
Q
ethambutol
A
- bacteriostatic
- dose dependent optic neuritis and impaired red-green discrimination
9
Q
ethambutol MOA
A
inhibits arabinosyl transferase resulted in impaired mycobacterial cell well synthesis
10
Q
ethambutol ADE
A
- hyperuricemia and gout
- hepatitis
- thrombocytopenia
11
Q
pyrazinamide
A
- bactericidal
- enables shorter regimen
- possibly inhibits fatty acid synthesis
12
Q
pyrazinamide ADE
A
- arthralgia
- hyperuricemia and gout
- hematologic toxicity
- hepatitis
- elevated serum iron
13
Q
rifampin MOA
A
inhibits DNA transcription and RNA synthesis
14
Q
rifampin ADE
A
- red/brown discolor of saliva and tears
- liver function impairment
- thrombocytopenia with high intermittent therapy
