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Final Exam > Chapter 25.1 Overview Of Respitory System > Flashcards

Chapter 25.1 Overview Of Respitory System Flashcards

1
Q

The entire process of gas exchange in the body is called?

A

Respiration

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2
Q

Respiration 3 major steps?

A

Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
Internal respiration

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3
Q

Flow of air into and out of lungs?

A

Pulmonary ventilation

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4
Q

Gas exchange between air spaces (alveoli) of the lungs and pulmonary capillaries?

A

External respiration

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5
Q

Gas exchange between blood in systemic capillaries and tissue cells?

A

Internal respiration

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6
Q

Metabolic reactions that consume O2 and give off CO2 during production of ATP?

A

Cellular respiration

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7
Q

Two systems that cooperate to supply O2 and eliminate CO2?

A

Cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

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8
Q

Pulmonary ventilation and external respiration are the responsibility of the…

A

Respiration system

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9
Q

External respiration and internal respiration are functions of the ?

A

Cardiovascular system

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10
Q

The upper respiratory system consist of..

A

Nose, pharynx

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11
Q

The lower respiratory consist of..

A

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

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12
Q

All airways that carry air to lungs? And include?

A

Conducting Zone- Nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles.

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13
Q

Sites within lungs where gas exchange occurs? Includes?

A

Respiratory Zone- respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli.

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14
Q

The external node consist of bone and cartilage covered with skin and lined with mucous membrane. It had two openings called?

A

External nares

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15
Q

The internal nose connects to the throat through two openings called?

A

Internal Nares

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16
Q

Divide the nasal cavity into right and left sides?

A

Nasal septum

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17
Q

Interior structures of the nose three basic functions…

A
  1. Filtering, warming, and moistening of the incoming air.
  2. Detect olfactory stimuli
  3. Modify speech sounds
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18
Q

Funnel-shaped tune that starts at the internal nares and extends partway down the neck.

A

Pharynx

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19
Q

How many regions does the pharynx have? Name them

A

Upper: nasopharynx
Middle: Oropharynx
Lower: laryngeal pharynx

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20
Q

Upper part of pharynx, connects with two internal nares and two openings that lead into auditory (eustachian) tubes.

A

Nasopharynx ( Posterior to nose)

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21
Q

Middle portion of pharynx, opens into mouth and nasopharynx, the palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils are found here.

A

Oropharynx (Posterior to mouth)

22
Q

Lower pharynx connects both esophagus and larynx passageway for food and air?

A

Laryngopharynx

23
Q

Short tube of cartilage lined by mucous membrane that connects the pharynx with trachea.

A

Larynx ( voice box)

24
Q

Consist of hyaline cartilage, forms the anterior wall of larynx, V-shaped it’s common name (Adams Apple)

A

Thyroid cartilage

25
Q

Large leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage, covers airways.

A

Epiglottis

26
Q

During swallowing the epiglottis..

A

Larynx moves up so epiglottis covers opening into trachea

27
Q

Ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx and is attached to the first tracheal cartilage?

A

Cricoid cartilage

28
Q

(Paired) located above cricoid cartilage, attach to true vocal cords and pharyngeal muscles and function in voice production.

A

Arytenoid

29
Q

The mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds: an upper called_______ and lower pair called the _______.

A

Ventricular folds, vocal folds

30
Q

THe upper false vocal cords function?

A

Used to keep air in trunk with heavy lifting. They do not produce sound

31
Q

The lower true vocal cords function?

A

Produce sounds during speaking and singing. Contain elastic ligaments.

32
Q

When muscles contract, they pull the elastic ligaments tight causing?

A

Vocal cords to vibrate

33
Q

Tubular passageway for air that is located anterior to the esophagus.

A

Trachea (windpipe)

34
Q

The trachea is lined with…

A

Mucous membrane and is supported by cartilage.

35
Q

Mucous membrane in trachea is composed of..

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar- traps and moves dust upward

36
Q

Pitch is adjusted by?

A

Tension of true vocal cords

37
Q

When true vocal cords are pulled taut, they produce?

A

A higher pitch result

38
Q

Decreasing the muscular tension on true vocal cords results in?

A

Lower sounds

39
Q

Vocal cords are usually thicker and longer in males than females l, therefore they..

A

Vibrate more slowly

40
Q

Opening in trachea for tube called?

A

Tracheostomy

41
Q

The trachea divides into a right primary bronchus which goes______ and the left primary bronchus, which goes to the ______.

A

Right lung, left lung

42
Q

Contains incomplete rings of cartilage..

A

Primary bronchi

43
Q

Primary bronchi divides to form secondary bronchi, one for each lobe of the lung. The right has _______ loves, the left lung has_____ lobes.

A

Three, two

44
Q

Secondary bronchioles branch to tertiary bronchi that branch into even smaller tubes called?

A

Terminal bronchioles

45
Q

Bronchioles can be bronchodilated by sympathetic nerves…

A

Epinephrine, or related medications

46
Q

Two spongy, come-shaped organs in the thoracic cavity?

A

Lungs

47
Q

Double layer serous membrane that encloses and protects each lung..

A

Pleural membrane

48
Q

Outer layer of pleural membrane attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity and diaphragm is called?

A

Parietal pleura

49
Q

Inner layer of pleural membrane attached to the lungs is called?

A

Visceral pleura

50
Q

Broad bottom of lungs=, pointy top=

A

Base, Apex

Final Exam (11 decks)

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