Chapter 25 Flashcards
lycophytes (club mosses, quilworts), monilophytes (horsetails, ferns)
Dominant form: gametophyte
roots, leaves, stems
vascular plants
bryophytes
liverworts, bryophyta (mosses), hornworts
Dominant form: sporophyte
Water is absorbed through osmosis/diffusion
non vascular plants
gametophyte
haploid
haploid
1N/sexual
sporophyte
diploid
diploid
2N/asexual
plant life cycle alternates between sexual (gametophyte) and asexual (sporophyte) generations
alternation of generations
spores are produced by meiosis in the sporangium of a diploid sporophyte, dispersal happens through the air
walled haploid spores
place where gametes are produced
gametangia
liverworts, mosses, hornworts
bryophytes
phylum hepatophyta
liverworts
phylum bryophyta
mosses
male gametangia, where sperm are produced
antheridia
female gametangia, where eggs are produced
archegonia
phylum anthocerophyta
hornworts
dominant form of bryophytes
haploid gametophyte
____________ allows for larger, taller sporophytes for faster transport of nutrients
vascular tissue
moves sugars and minerals down towards roots
phloem
moves water from roots to stems and leaves
xylem
single vein
microphylls
branched veins
megaphylls
where spores are formed
sporangia
leaf with sporangia
sporophyll
clusters of sporangia on sporophylls
sori
cone-like group of sporophylls
strobilus
closest group to ancestral vascular plants
microphylls and strobili
club and spike mosses
phylum lycophyta
whisk fern with dichotomous branching, no true leaves or roots
horsetails
ferns
phylum monilophyta
most widespread and diverse monilophyte, large megaphylls, sori on the underside of sporophylls
ferns
Covered the earth, increasing organic C on land (for food)
Further increases O2 levels
Reduced CO2 levels
Success of seedless vascular plants changed the Paleozoic world
