Chapter 20

Question 1

binomial nomenclature

Answer 1

Genus is capitalized, species is lowercased, and everything is italicized or underlined

Linneaus

Question 2

grouping species together

Answer 2

taxonomy

Question 3

order of hierarchy

Answer 3

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 4

the evolutionary history of a species and its relationship to other species, shown as a tree

Answer 4

phylogeny

Question 5

where lineages diverge

Answer 5

branch point

Question 6

the study of phylogenetic relationships to create monophyletic taxa

Answer 6

systematics

Question 7

all taxa in the same branch point

Answer 7

monophyletic taxa

Question 8

leaves out a common descendant

Answer 8

paraphyletic

Question 9

includes species with different ancestors

Answer 9

polyphyletic

Question 10

a method of determining phylogeny

Answer 10

cladistics

Question 11

homologous characters shared with ancestor (ancestral)

Answer 11

plesiomorphy

Question 12

novel or evolved character different from ancestor

Answer 12

synaptomorphy