Chapter 2.4 - Motivation and demotivation Flashcards
360-degree appraisal
Involves collecting evidence about the appraisee’s job performance from a range of stakeholders who work with the employee
Acquired needs theory
Suggests that three types of needs must be satisfied to boost motivation: the need for achievement, power, an affiliation
Appraisal
The formal assessment of an employee’s performance in fulfilling his/her job based on the tasks and responsibilities set out in their job description
Commission
A type of financial reward that pays workesr a certain percentage of the sale of each good/service that htye are responsible for
Differentiated piecework
An incentive scheme that rewards more productive workers who exceed a pre-determined benchmark
Division of labor
The process of breaking down different aspects of a job or task and assigning different people to each particular part of the work to improve efficiency and output
Empowerment
A non-financial motivator that involves developing the potential of workers or teams by granting them the authority to make decisions and to execute their ideas to solve business problems
Employee share ownership schemes
A type of payment system that rewards staff by giving them shares in the company or by selling the shares at a discounted price
Equity theory
J.S. Adams’ theory of motivation, which suggests that people make comparisons of perceived fairness in the workplace based on the ratio of their input (effort) to output (rewards)
Esteem needs
Refers to the desire of people to feel respected, having value and self-respect
Expectancy theory
V. Vroom’s theory assumes that people behave in a certain way in exchange for rewards based on their conscious expectations. Argued that people only put in the effort to do a job if they expect that their role will help to achieve the required result
External recruitment
The process of hiring people from outside the business
Formative appraisal
The planned and ongoing process in which data and evidence are used to inform employees about what to do to improve their work practices
Fringe payments
The financial rewards paid in addition to a worker’s wages or salaries (housing allowance, subsidised meals, etc)
Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory
Looked at factors that must be met in order to prevent dissatisfaction and the factors that actually motivate employees
Hierarchy of needs
A. Maslow’s theory of motivation, that people are motivated by different levels of needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization
Hygiene factors
Parts of a job that F. Herzberg referred to that do not increase job satisfaction but help to remove dissatisfaction, such as reasonable wages and working conditions
Induction training
Type of training aimed at introducing new employes to the organization
Internal recruitment
Hiring people who already work for the business to fill a vacant spot
Job enlargement
Refers to the increasing number of tasks that an employee performs, thereby reducing or eliminating the monotony of repetitive tasks
Job enrichment
Involves giving workers more responsibilities and more challenging jobs
Job rotation
The form of job enlargement where workers are given different tasks but with the same level of complexity, to help reduce the problems associated with repetitive tasks
Job enrichment
Involves giving workers more responsibilities and more challenging jobs
Job rotation
Form of job enlargement whereby workers are given different tasks, but of the same level of complexity, to help reduce the problems associated with repetitive tasks
